Abstract. With high emissions of aerosols and the known world's “Third Pole” Tibet Plateau (TP) in East Asia, knowledge on energy budget over this region has been widely concerned. This study first attempts to estimate present-day land balance Asia by combining surface satellite observations as well atmospheric reanalysis Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations. Compar...

[1] Multiple data sets, mostly from satellite observations, are used to evaluate the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF‐Chem) in simulating the distribution and evolution of aerosol, clouds, precipitation and chemistry during the dry season in South America. A 9‐day WRF‐Chem simulation with 36 km horizontal resolution is performed from 15 to 24 Septemb...

[1] The tropical Indian Ocean has been warming steadily since 1950s, a trend simulated by a large ensemble of climate models. In models, changes in net surface heat flux are small and the warming is trapped in the top 125 m depth. Analysis of the model output suggests the following quasi-equilibrium adjustments among various surface heat flux components. Thewarming is triggered by the greenhous...

We examine 800-year time series of internally generated variability in both a coupled ocean-atmosphere model where water vapor anomalies are not allowed to interact with longwave radiation and one where they are. The ENSO-like phenomenon in the experiment without water vapor feedback is drastically suppressed both in amplitude and geographic extent relative to the experiment with water vapor fe...

The radiative constraints on the partitioning of the surface energy budget and, hence, on the strength of the hydrological cycle are analyzed in an idealized one-dimensional radiative–convective equilibrium model formulated in terms of the energy budgets at the top of the atmosphere, the subcloud layer, and the free atmosphere, which enables it to predict both surface relative humidity and the ...

Arctic clouds modulate the surface radiation budget by emitting longwave radiation and reflecting incident shortwave radiation. The Arctic is characterized by high levels of anthropogenic pollution that commonly forms a haze in winter and spring, due to long-range transport of aerosols primarily from Eastern Europe and Russia (Sirois and Barrie, 1999). During the Arctic winter and spring strong...

(2) Downward infrared radiation Measurements of downward infrared radiation have been conducted since the early 1990s at Tsukuba. A time-series representation of five-year running mean downward infrared radiation until 2010 shows an increasing trend at a rate of about 0.4 W/m per year (Figure 3.3-5). This is consistent with the trend seen in the results of analysis using data from all BSRN stat...

Solar radiation provides the most significant natural energy in buildings for space heating and daylighting. Due to atmospheric interference, solar received at Earth’s surface consists of direct beam diffuse radiation, where can be further broken down into longwave visible radiation. Although each these components co-occurs, their influence on indoor visual thermal conditions a building differ....

SouthernWest Africa (SWA) has a large population that relies on highly variablemonsoon rainfall, yet climate models show little consensus over projected precipitation in this region. Understanding of the current and future climate of SWA is further complicated by rapidly increasing anthropogenic emissions and a lack of surface observations. Using multiple satellite observations, the ERA-Interim...