Prescribing appropriate doses of drugs requiring weight-based dosing is challenging in overweight patients due to a lack of data. With 68% of the US population considered overweight and these patients being at an increased risk for hospitalization, clinicians need guidance on dosing weight-based drugs. The purpose of this study was to identify "real-world" dose ranges of high-risk medications a...

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP II) is a therapeutic target in neurologic disorders associated with excessive activation of glutamatergic systems. The potent, orally bioavailable GCP II inhibitor 2-(3-mercaptopropyl) pentanedioic acid (2-MPPA) is effective in preclinical models of diseases where excess glutamate release is implicated, including neuropathic pain, and was the first GCP II inhi...

OBJECTIVE To systematically review available data on the effect of daily medication dosing frequency on medication adherence in chronic disease states, as assessed by precise medication event monitoring systems (MEMS). STUDY DESIGN Systematic review of relevant literature published between January 1986 and August 2007. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched to identify appropriate ...

Controlling sulfide (H(2)S) production and emission in sewer systems is critical due to the corrosion and malodour problems that sulfide causes. Chemical dosing is one of the most commonly used measures to mitigate these problems. Many chemicals have been reported to be effective for sulfide control, but the extent of success varies between chemicals and is also dependent on how they are applie...

The carbapenem antibiotic meropenem was initially approved by the FDA in 1995 with the dosing regimen of 1 g to be administered every 8 hours. Subsequent studies involving mathematical modeling of pharmacokinetic behavior of this antibiotic proposed a smaller effective dose of 500 mg given every 6 hours, resulting in a lower total daily dose by 1 g. Three previous clinical studies evaluating th...

PURPOSE To determine how algorithms for ideal body weight (IBW) affect hydroxychloroquine dosing in women. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 520 patients screened for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. Charts were reviewed for sex, height, weight, and daily dose. The outcome measures were ranges of IBW across algorithms; rates of potentially toxic dosing; height thresholds below which 40...

Chemotherapeutic drug dosages are calculated precisely based on the patient's height, body weight, and renal function, etc. To ensure safe and favorable outcomes of treatment, dosing solutions are prepared by appropriate mixing of the drug solutions based on such calculations. The package inserts for many injectable preparations include a warning for storing the product "shielded from light." H...

Four groups of rats were treated by inhalation with the UICC preparations of amosite or chrysotile in order to explore the effects of intermittent high dust concentrations (peak dosing). For each of the 2 asbestos types one group of rats was treated for 5 days each week, 7 h a day, for 1 year. Two other groups were treated with amosite or chrysotile at 5 times the previous dose for 1 day each w...

PURPOSE Amifostine is a prodrug in which selectivity is largely determined by the preferential formation and uptake of its cytoprotective metabolite, WR-1065, in normal tissues as a result of differences in membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase activity. It was hypothesized that amifostine may be a good candidate for regional drug delivery to the liver because of its large hepatic extraction and ...