Intranasal instillation is a widely used procedure for pneumonic delivery of drugs, vaccine candidates, or infectious agents into the respiratory tract of research mice. However, there is a paucity of published literature describing the efficiency of this delivery technique. In this report we have used the murine model of tularemia, with Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (FTLVS) infect...

PURPOSE To investigate the clinical usage of dose verification of Helical Tomotherapy plans by using 2D-array ion chambers, and to develop an efficient way to validate the dose delivered for the patients during treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pixel-segmented ionisation chamber device, IMRT MatriXX™ and Multicube™ phantom from IBA were used on ten selected Tomotherapy IMRT/IGRT head and ne...

Modern radiotherapy relies on accurate dose delivery to the prescribed target volume. The ICRU has recommended an overall accuracy in tumour dose delivery of ±5%, based on an analysis of dose response data and on an evaluation of errors in dose delivery in a clinical setting. Considering all uncertainties involved in the dose delivery to the patient, the ±5% accuracy recommendation is by no mea...

several plant extracts and phytoconstituents, despite having excellent bioactivity in vitro, demonstrate less or no in vivo actions due to their poor lipid solubility or improper molecular size or destruction in gut. drug delivery system for polyphenolic phytoconstituents (phytosomes) was prepared by complexing polyphenolic phytoconstituents with phospholipid mainly phosphatidylcholine which bi...

Introduction: Nowadays tendency to apply more degrees of freedom in high-tech radiotherapy systems, and consequent complex process to optimize dose calculation and delivery algorithms, is a challenge of radiation therapy optimization. Faster MLC speed, dose rate, Gantry angle variation, and other degrees, which have been utilized in IMRT, IMAT, VMAT, improved modulation of inte...

Objective: RapidArc (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) is a new volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy technique with continuous modulation of gantry speed, dose rate, and multileaf collimator shape. Taking advantages of dose painting capabilities along with rotational delivery, RapidArc has shown promise in the treatment of a wide range of tumours, including intracranial, head and neck, pr...

background: to evaluate the dosimetric difference between conventional and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3d-crt) using 6 and 18 mv x-ray photons. materials and methods: computed tomography scans of 26 pelvic patients were acquired and transferred to the 3d treatment planning system. for each patient, 8 conventional plans (3, 4, 5 and 6 fields) and one 3d-crt plan were prepared using...

BACKGROUND This article describes two novel and easy approaches for assessing the accuracy of insulin pumps as implemented within the artificial pancreas system. The approaches are illustrated by data testing the OmniPod Insulin Management System at its lowest delivery volume (0.05 U) and at doses of 0.1, 0.2, 1, and 6U. METHOD In method 1, a pipette, digital microscope, and imaging software ...

We compared the efficiency and accuracy of full-arc and half-arc volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery for maxillary cancer. Plans for gantry rotation angles of 360° and 180° (full-arc and half-arc VMAT) were created for six maxillary cancer cases with the Monaco treatment planning system, and delivered using an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator. Full-arc and half-arc VMAT were compa...