The acquisition stage in GNSS receivers determines Doppler shifts and code phases of visible satellites. Acquisition is thus a search in two continuous dimensions, where the digital algorithms require a partitioning of the search space into cells. We present analytic expressions for the acquisition performance depending on the partitioning of the Doppler frequency domain. In particular, the imp...

The negativity effect, or the greater weighing of negative as compared with equaily extreme positive information in the formation of overaii evaiuations, is wideiy beiieved by media pianners and appears to be a weil-proven phenomenon in consumer psychoiogy, Aithough this effect has been extensiveiy documented under conditions of moderate to high processing invoivement in the iiterature, its rob...

A simplification is made of the nonorthogonal Fourier transform method (Salby, 1982) for estimating space-time spectra from uneven twice-daily data sampled by a polar-orbiting satellite. The modified method transforms frequency only by the use of the Galilean transformation, while Salby's method transforms both frequency and wavenumber. Space-time spectra are obtained from the time-Fourier tran...

There has been tremendous progress in observing oscillations in solar-type stars. In a few short years we have moved from ambiguous detections to firm measurements. We review the recent results, most of which have come from high-precision Doppler measurements. We also review briefly the results on giant and supergiant stars and the prospects for the future.

The helicity-rotation coupling and its current empirical basis are examined. The modification of the Doppler effect due to the coupling of photon spin with the rotation of the observer is considered in detail in connection with its applications in the Doppler tracking of spacecraft. Further implications of this coupling and the possibility of searching for it in the intensity response of a rota...

We show that the propagation of light in a Doppler broadened medium can be slowed down considerably eventhough such medium exhibits very flat dispersion. The slowing down is achieved by the application of a saturating counter propagating beam that produces a hole in the inhomogeneous line shape. In atomic vapors, we calculate group indices of the order of 10. The calculations include all cohere...

A robust vision-based traffic monitoring system for vehicle and traffic information extraction is developed in this research. It is challenging to maintain detection robustness at all time for a highway surveillance system. There are three major problems in detecting and tracking a vehicle: (1) the moving cast shadow effect, (2) the occlusion effect, and (3) nighttime detection. For moving cast...

The last decade has seen a tremendous increase in the number and quality of observations of horizontal structure in the upper ocean. Many of these data have been made possible by the widespread use of towed vehicles and shipboard Doppler sonars. We review what these observations have revealed about processes in the upper ocean, with special emphasis on mid-latitudes and horizontal scales of 1-1...

The comparison of quasar absorption spectra with numerically simulated spectra from hierarchical cosmological models of structure formation promises to be a valuable tool to discriminate among these models. We present simulation results for the column density, Doppler b parameter, and optical depth probability distributions for five popular cosmological models.

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) has been performed on Porous Silicon Layers (PSL) obtained by chemical and electrochemical etching of crystalline Silicon. In the investigated energy range (2.0eV-4.7eV) the samples behave as optically opaque and show strong light scattering properties so to prevent the application of standard reflectivityftrasmission techniques. PAS proves suitable in studying ...