We sampled across most of the Old World distribution of donkeys (see Table S1). Samples were collected only from small and remote countryside villages taking great care to sample unrelated individuals. From domestic asses, skin biopsies were collected and stored in 95% ethanol before DNA extraction. Fresh feces of three Equus africanus africanus were collected in Sudan from two different wild h...

A 2-year-old female donkey (Equus asinus) was euthanized in the Pathology Department of Firat University, Elazig, Turkey. Necropsy disclosed the presence of 7 hydatid cysts distributed throughout the lung parenchyma. One of those cysts represented the parasite material of the present study and was molecularly identified through sequencing of a fragment of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) an...

In India, donkey milk (DM) is gaining lot of attention for human (children) consumption in view of its medicinal and therapeutic values with special reference to its antimicrobial property. Since ages, donkey milk has been known for its significant medicinal and therapeutic properties (Zhang et al., 2008, Vincenzetti et al., 2008). Some of these properties of DM are in prevention of atheroscler...

Milk is a biological fluid designed to contain all nutritional requirements of a specific mammalian newborn; therefore, the composition of milk differs by the needs of the neonate of different species. Although much research has been devoted to milk composition in the domestic horse, donkey’s milk has recently aroused scientific interest, above all among paediatric allergologists and nutritioni...

The sensitive and autonomic innervation of the prostate was studied in some mammals (rat, rabbit, horse, donkey and bull) using gold chloride impregnation. In all the species considered the gland was supplied with conspicuous innervation located in the thickness of the capsule and in trabeculae. The autonomic innervation was constituted by ganglion cells of different sizes (small, medium and la...

In this study we compare the consonantal production of L4 learners (level A1+B2) with the expected canonical pronunciation and the pronunciation of a German L1 control group. The L4 speakers’ source languages are Hong Kong Cantonese (HKC) L1, Hong Kong English (HKE) L2 and Putonghua/Mandarin (P) L3. Due to major disparities across the typologically distant language pair Cantonese and German, an...

In this study, it was aimed to determine the shape of incus in horse and donkey by geometric morphometric method evaluate differences between horse’s donkey’s incus. The left bone 5 adult horses donkeys were used study. Incus photographed at same lateral direction. Thirteen homologous landmarks marked from photographs using TpsUtil (Version 1.79) TpsDig2 2.31) software. As a result first princi...

Eight samples of accessory sex glands donkey were used to compare between the immature and mature donkey. The morphological parameters involved position, relation, shape, length, width, weight each gland. results in ampulla ductus deferens spindle shape strcture ends part deferens, located dorsaly urinary bladder opened into ejaculatory duct, measured 1.85±0.04cm, 3.81±0.18mm 0.96±0.02g 7.57±0....