The condensation of 2-aminoindole-3-carbonitriles and their 3-aminoindole-2-carbonitrile isomers with various DMF-dialkoxyacetals was investigated under microwaves. The appearance of reactive and versatile alkoxyiminium species allowed convenient access to indole precursors of building blocks with potential biological activity. The experimental results have been rationalised using DFT calculati...

INTRODUCTION Limited data are available on the real-world effectiveness of newer oral disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the real-world effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), fingolimod, teriflunomide, and injectable DMTs in routine clinical practice based on US claims data. METHODS Patients newly-initiating DM...

BACKGROUND Human saliva, a complex secretion that contains a mixture of inorganic and organic molecules, plays an essential role in the maintenance of oral health. Mucins are the major macromolecular component of the secretion and are considered the first line of defense for epithelial tissues. The aim of this study was to compare levels of mucins (MUC5B, MUC7, and MUC1) in saliva of young subj...

2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF) and furfuryl alcohol (FFA) are two substituted furans that are formed during the processing of foods and have also been used as food flavorings. DMF and FFA are proposed to be bioactivated by human sulfotransferases (SULTs) which are not expressed in conventional cell lines used for genotoxicity testing. Therefore, in addition to the standard V79 cell line, we used a tra...

N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a ‘universal’ solvent and has wide variety of applications in organic synthesis, purification, crystallization, and as cross-linking agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of DMF after the biofield energy treatment using various analytical techniques. DMF sample was divided into two parts, one part (control) r...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Delayed-release dimethyl fumarate (DMF, also known as gastro-resistant DMF), demonstrated efficacy and safety in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in the 2-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 DEFINE and CONFIRM trials. A post hoc analysis of integrated data from DEFINE and CONFIRM was conducted to determine the temporal profile of the clinical and neuroradi...

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an of unknown etiology that begins before the 16th birthday and persists for at least six weeks with other known conditions excluded. In JIA, there a destructive inflammatory process in border between bone connective tissue joint similar to supporting around tooth periodontitis. Objective: To emphasize role pedo-dentist multidisciplinary manage...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common multifocal inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Due to the progressive neurodegenerative nature of MS, developing treatments that exhibit direct neuroprotective effects are needed. Tecfidera™ (BG-12) is an oral formulation of the fumaric acid esters (FAE), containing the active metabolite dimethyl fumarate (DMF). Alth...

Reduction of Worker Exposure to Solvents by means of an Occupational Health Program: An Experience at a Synthetic Leather Factory in Taiwan: Hsien-Wen KUO, et al. Institute of Environmental Health, China Medical College— Objective—To assess the effects of an occupational health program which was to reduce synthetic leather workers’ exposure to solvents (N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), epichlorohy...

Facial flushing and other symptoms were reported by 19 of a group of 102 men who worked with dimethylformamide (DMF). Twenty-six of the 34 episodes occurred after the workers had consumed alcoholic drinks. The metabolite N-methylformamide (MF) was detected in the urine on 45 occasions, the highest recorded concentration being 77 microliter/litre. The highest recorded concentration of DMF in air...