Disulfiram (tetraethylthiuram disulfide), a metal chelator, inhibits photosynthetic electron transport in broken chloroplasts. A major site of inhibition is detected on the electron-acceptor side of photosystem II between Q(A), the first plastoquinone electron-acceptor, and the second plastoquinone electron-acceptor, Q(B). This site of inhibition is shown by a severalfold increase in the half-t...

Daidzin is a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) that suppresses free-choice ethanol intake by Syrian golden hamsters. Other ALDH inhibitors, such as disulfiram (Antabuse) and calcium citrate carbimide (Temposil), have also been shown to suppress ethanol intake of laboratory animals and are thought to act by inhibiting the metabolism ...

S-Methyl-N,N-diethylthiolcarbamate sulfoxide (DETC-MeSO), a metabolite of the drug disulfiram, is a selective carbamoylating agent for sulfhydryl groups. Treatment of glutamate receptors isolated from mouse brain with DETC-MeSO blocks glutamate binding. In vivo, carbamoylated glutathione, administered directly to mice or formed by reaction of DETC-MeSO with glutathione in the blood, also blocks...

Four sulfur compounds known to inhibit tumorigenic effects of chemical carcinogens were administered to female CD-1 mice at 0.5% of the diet for 14 days, and their effects on cytosolic glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) specific activities were examined in liver, lung, kidney, urinary bladder, forestomach, proximal small intestine, and colon. Disulfiram, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, biseth...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The oxidation of xenobiotic-derived aromatic aldehydes with freshly prepared liver slices has not been previously reported. The present investigation compares the relative contribution of aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in the oxidation of vanillin, isovanillin and protocatechuic aldehyde with freshly prepared liver slices. METHODS Vani...

Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a cancer with a dismal prognosis. The efficacy of PDAC anticancer therapies is often short-lived; however, there is little information on how this disease entity so frequently gains resistance to treatment. We adopted the concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) to explain the mechanism of resistance and evaluated the efficacy of a candidate anticance...

Disulfiram has been used as an adjunct to the treatment of chronic alcoholism since 1948. We report a young woman who developed clinical, biochemical and histopathological signs of a liver hypersensitivity reaction. A review of the literature is also presented.