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da is a memory of iraqi war against iran. this narration of war is a representation of young girl life that had a significant role in her own time. this book challenges masculinity of war and passes out gender as a limitation. the important narration of war, mentioned in da, has been associated with 150 republication and these elements confirm research on da. this article tries to attempts to a...

A power amplifier (PA) is a key part of the RF front-end in transmitters for a local broadband network. Today, commercial PAs are made of III-V HEMT and HBT technology with excellent results. An integrated system-on-chip power amplifier circuit using CMOS technology for cost-effective and spectrum-efficient high-speed wireless communication presents major challenges because power amplifiers hav...

Abstract- A novel low-voltage two-stage operational amplifier employing resistive biasing is presented. This amplifier implements neutralization and correction common mode stability in second stage while employs capacitive dc level shifter and coupling between two stages. The structure reduces the power consumption and increases output voltage swing. The compensation is performed by simple mill...

The InAlAs/InGaAs metamorphic HEMT (mHEMT) two-stage Ka-band amplifier and DC-30 GHz distributed SPST switch were designed and fabricated using low-k benzocyclobutene (BCB) bridged technology. This fabrication technology takes the advantages of its low dielectric permittivity (2.7), low loss tangent (0.008), low curing temperature, low water up-take, and simple manufacturing process. The MMIC f...

Groups of agents following xed behavioral rules can be limited in performance and eeciency. Adaptability and exibility are key components of intelligent behavior which allow agent groups to improve performance in a given domain using prior problem solving experience. We motivate the usefulness of individual learning by group members in the context of overall group behavior. In particular, we pr...

This paper presents a systematic matrix-based lumped-element analysis of CMOS distributed amplifiers (DAs). Since transmission lines (TLs) of the DAs are artificially constructed from a ladder of a finite number of inductors and capacitors, the conventional TLbased analysis of microwave DAs can not be accurately applied to CMOS DAs. The proposed lumped-analysis method is also more intuitive for...

A digital look-up table adaptive predistortion technique using a six-port receiver for power amplifier linearization is presented. The system is designed in Ka-band for a DVB-S2 satellite link. We use a six-port receiver at the linearizationloop in place of classic heterodyne receivers. The six-port receiver is implemented by the use of passive microwavecircuits and detector diodes. This approa...

A novel low noise trans-impedance amplifier is proposed using low cost 0.18 µm CMOS technology. A resistive-capacitive feedback is used to extend the bandwidth of the amplifier. As the structure is inductor less, it is suitable for low cost integrated optical interconnects. In this paper Improved Particle Swarm Optimization have applied to determine optimal trans-resistance and noise of propose...