This paper describes the dynamic analysis of biped locomotion systems. A planar biped is inodelled and studied focusing on the problem of energy efficiency. First, the motion of the system is characterised in terms of a set of locomotion variables, namely: step length, hip height, hip ripple, hip oflset, foot clearance and link lengths, Afterwards, three cost functions related to energy are pro...

Pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified plants to non-target plants is a concern of crop growers, seed companies, the general public, and the scientific communities. Although there have been descriptive and mechanistic models to describe pollen dispersion, there has rarely been a comprehensive mechanistic model to dynamically simulate pollen release, dispersion, and deposition and t...

3.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter explains the methods to improve the directivity, and bandwidth of microstrip antenna array, using EBG structures and the FSS as a superstrate layer. This chapter also details the concept, principles of operation and the geometries of the unit cell of various EBG structures used, along with the microstrip antenna array configuration. Using the Multiconductor Transmi...

Federal safety regulations require the use of validated consequence models to determine the vapor cloud dispersion exclusion zones for accidental liquefied natural gas (LNG) releases. One tool that is being developed in industry for exclusion zone determination and LNG vapor dispersion modeling is computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This paper uses the ANSYS CFX CFD code to model LNG vapor disp...

in this study, a temperature-dependent of the dispersion coefficients is calculated from equation state.the lennard-jones lj (12-6-3) effective pair potential function and simple thermodynamic argumentwith the input pvt data of liquid metals are used to calculate the dispersion coefficients. the dispersioncoefficients ( , , ) 3 6 12 c c c are found to be a linear function of 1/t1+α , where t is...

A carbon nanotube (CNT) growth process on Hf02 is reported for the first time for application in nano-sensors, The process uses a combination of Ge nanoparticles and ferric nitrate dispersion and achieves an increase in CNT density from 0.15 to 6.2 11m length/um" compared with the use of ferric nitrate dispersion alone. The growth process is validated by the fabrication of back-gate CNT field-e...

A two dimensional numerical study has been performed to investigate on heat transfer of hydrate slurry transported by a visco-elastic fluid in a cavity. In order to investigate the optimum geometric parameter, the effects of the rib height and the cavity length were changed in three steps, respectively. From the results, it is found that hydrate particles dispersed with Newtonian fluid (water) ...

We conducted a functional analysis of seed dispersal and its plasticity in response to density in Arabidopsis thaliana by growing morphologically diverse ecotypes under high and low density and measuring seed dispersion patterns under controlled conditions. Maternal plant architectural traits such as height and branching, and fruit traits such as dehiscence and silique length influenced various...

We propose consistent scaling of solitary waves on inertia-dominated falling liquid films, which accurately accounts for the driving physical mechanisms and leads to a self-similar characterization of solitary waves. Direct numerical simulations of the entire two-phase system are conducted using a state-of-the-art finite volume framework for interfacial flows in an open domain that was previous...