Extraction of fractal exponents via the slope of the power spectrum is common in the analysis of many physiological time series. The fractal structure thus characterized is a manifestation of long-term correlations, for which the temporal order of the sample values is crucial. However, missing data points due to artifacts and dropouts are common in such data sets, which can seriously disrupt th...

The general tendency for species number (S) to increase with sampled area (A) constitutes one of the most robust empirical laws of ecology, quantified by species-area relationships (SAR). In many ecosystems, SAR curves display a power-law dependence, S proportional, variantA(z). The exponent z is always less than one but shows significant variation in different ecosystems. We study the multityp...

Electrophysiological mass potentials show complex spectral changes upon neuronal activation. However, it is unknown to what extent these complex band-limited changes are interrelated or, alternatively, reflect separate neuronal processes. To address this question, intracranial electrocorticograms (ECoG) responses were recorded in patients engaged in visuomotor tasks. We found that in the 10- to...

We report on a comparative Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) multi-scale roughness analysis of cold rolled Al alloy and steel roll, in order to characterize the roughness transfer from the steel roll to the workpiece in cold strip rolling processes. More than three orders of length-scale magnitudes were investigated from 100 microns to 50 nanometers on both types of surfaces. The analysis reveals t...

The now physically founded exponent 3/2 that governs the relation of normal force to depth3/2 in conical/pyramidal indentation is a physically founded (FN = k h 3/2). Strictly linear plots obtain non-iterated penetration resistance k (mN/ μm3/2) as slope, initial effects (including tip rounding), adhesion energy, and phase transitions with their transformation energy and activation energy. The ...