As a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator, brain histamine has a variety of physiological roles in brain functions such as hypothalamic- pituitary- adrenal (HPA) activity. Histamine induces the release of ACTH through the activation of hypothalamic neurons containing vasopressin and CRH. Histamine induces the activity of HPA axis directly or indirectly. Endogenous opioids modulate the (HPA) axis ...

angiotensin ii is a major endocrine hormone that affects directly both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. since vascular reactivity to angiotensin ii changes in more physiological and pathophysiological conditions, the present study was performed to investigate the effect of intraperitoneal administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and captopril (30 and 50 mg kg-1, on...

In the present study, we investigated the relationship between physical activity (PA) and self-esteem (SE), while introducing body mass index (BMI), perceived physical fitness (PPF), and body image (BI) in adults (N =264, M =38.10 years). The findings indicated that PA was directly and indirectly associated with SE. BMI predicted SE neither directly nor indirectly, but was directly associated w...

File system administration directly or indirectly affects all users of computer systems today. In an organization, users interact directly with managed file systems, which provide a means of data storage. Users of on-line services, for example, search engines, social networks, photo and video sharing, web based email, etc., rely on managed file systems indirectly, for storing and accessing data...

various stresses during life can affect metabolism and brain activities, immune and endocrine systems directly and indirectly, and ultimately, causes animal behavior change. the cellular and molecular level change in neurotransmitter and hormone concentrations led to the functional changes of operating systems in the intracellular organelles.  these events cause of course oxidative stress. all ...

in recent decades, empowerment as delegation of power to someone has been used a mechanism to increase personal and work life quality of women. higher education and occupation are effective instruments for empowering women but the role of culture can't be denied in this relation. social norms can directly or indirectly limit women's empowerment. in this article the role of higher educ...

buthotus schach finally, according to our results venom as well as fractions f4 and f6 act mostly prejunctionally on ach release. more attempt is carrying out to study their effects on ion channel activities. is one of the most dangerous scorpions in tropical part of iran. the effects of its crude venom at 1, 3, 10 µg/ml and its obtained fractions by gel filtrations were investigated on neuromu...