Introduction The field of cell-death research has matured since pioneering discoveries showed that apoptosis is regulated genetically. Although many of the core caspase-signalling pathways are known, some of the most basic aspects of the biochemistry of mitochondrial apoptosis induction have remained elusive and are, in certain cases, controversial. Research on the metabolic dysfunction that oc...

Although water vapor is the most important greenhouse gas, it is not even agreed whether an increase in its concentration due to global warming will cause more warming or cooling. Warming (a positive feedback) will occur if the biggest effect is to absorb more outgoing long-wave radiation. Cooling (a negative feedback) will occur if the major result is to form more clouds, which would reflect m...

mowing. It is run along the ground on one large wheel which is f ree of the motor operat ing the cutter bar. I t can be tilted to cut up or down slopes and can be pivoted sharply in any direction. It has been found part icularly valuable for cutting around trees, boulders, t raps, creek-bottoms, and other golf course obstructions which formerly required hand cutt ing. The motor scythe, powered ...

To determine the direction of object motion in external space, the brain must combine retinal motion signals and information about the orientation of the eyes in space. We assessed the accuracy of this process in eight laterally tilted subjects who aligned the motion direction of a random-dot pattern (30% coherence, moving at 6 degrees /s) with their perceived direction of gravity (motion verti...

this paper presents a simplified approach to estimate the resultant force, which should be provided by a retention system, for the equilibrium of unstable slopes. the results were obtained with a developed algorithm, based on limit equilibrium analyses, that assumes a two-part wedge failure mechanism. design charts to obtain equivalent earth pressure coefficients are presented. based on the res...

This paper presents the results of experimental studies on deformation and strength anisotropy gravel-pebble soils used in soil dams. During stabilometric tests, varying shear angles were obtained for stone at different orientations particles working chamber, whether horizontal or vertical. As hydrostatic pressure chamber increased to 0.8 MPa, a reduction by 8-12 degrees depending direction lay...

This Article contains errors in the insets of Figures 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c), where the stress values were incorrectly given as three times smaller than the correct GPa values. The correct Figure 3 appears below as Figure 1. As such, in the Results section, under subheading 'Strain modulated electronic structure. ' : " The Young's modulus along x, y and z directions can be evaluated to be 49.89 GP...

In a bivariate data plot, every two points determine an “elementary slope.” For n points with distinct x-values, there are n(n – 1)/2 elementary slopes. These elementary slopes are examined under the two classical regression assumptions: (1) the regressor variable values are fixed and the error is independent and normal, and (2) the data is bivariate normal. For case (1), it is demonstrated tha...

For each prime number p which does not divide N there is a linear operator Tp acting on Sk(N,C), known as the p-th Hecke operator. (In fact, the Tp stabilize Sk(N,Q).) A modular form which is an eigenvector for all of these linear operators simultaneously is called an eigenform; the space Sk(N,C) has a basis made up of eigenforms, and the Fourier coefficients of these eigenforms can be normaliz...