The present study investigates the potential conversion of sugarcane into ethanol and synthetic natural gas. The considered conversion path consists in combining ethanol first and second generation ethanol production plant with a catalytic supercritical water gasification system. The main steps of the ethanol conversion consider fermentation of sugars (1G) and enzymatic hydrolysis of bagasse (2...

The Second Law of thermodynamics implies that no thermodynamic system with a single heat source at constant temperature can convert into mechanical work in recurrent manner. First, we note this is equivalent to cyclo-passivity the port system, while thermal kept constant. This leads question, which general systems two power ports have similar behavior: when cyclo-passive one its ports, output v...