In this paper we investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, the competition between different failure mechanisms (stretching, bending and curvature l ocalization) in freestanding submicron thin films commonly used in micro-electromechanical systems. Micro structures made of elastic -brittle materials such as ultrananocrystalline diamond, diamond like carbon and silicon nitride, as well...

Laminar stagnation flow, axi-symmetrically yet obliquely impinging on a rotating circular cylinder, as well as its heat transfer is formulated as an exact solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. Rotational velocity of the cylinder is time-dependent while the surface transpiration is uniform and steady. The impinging stream is composed of a rotational axial flow superposed onto irrotational rad...

There are mysteries that the origin of small values in the Cabibbo-KobayashiMaskawa (CKM) matrix and the reason why the CKM matrix is close the unit matrix. We use the general quark mass matrices in order to solve the these problems. Up part and down part quark mass matrices are written in terms of six dimensionless parameters and six quark masses in the same form simultaneously. It is shown th...

The convective dissolution of carbon dioxide (CO2) in salted water is theoretically studied to determine how parameters such as CO2 pressure, salt concentration, and temperature impact the short-time characteristics of the buoyancy-driven instability. On the basis of a parameter-free dimensionless model, we perform a linear stability analysis of the time-dependent concentration profiles of CO2 ...

In this article, an approximate analytical solution of flow and heat transfer for a viscoelastic fluid in an axisymmetric channel with porous wall is presented. The solution is obtained through the use of a powerful method known as Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM). We obtained the approximate analytical solution for dimensionless velocity and temperature for various parameters. The inf...

The Wigner-Boltzmann equation provides the Wigner single particle theory with interactions with bosonic degrees of freedom associated with harmonic oscillators, such as phonons in solids. Quantum evolution is an interplay of two transport modes, corresponding to the common coherent particle-potential processes, or to the decoherence causing scattering due to the oscillators. Which evolution mod...

B = dimensionless coefficient in polynominals b = dimensionless coefficient in polynominals F = dimensionless radial velocity G = dimensionless tangential velocity H = dimensionless axial velocity K = 7 / 2 p r ~ ( v u ) ' / ~ , dimensionless parameter Q = $ow rate 8' = dimensionless flow rate r = radial coordinate u = radial velocity II = tangential velocity w = axial velocity z = axial coordi...

Large-scale data centers (~20,000m) will be the major energy consumers of the next generation. The trend towards deployment of computer systems in large numbers, in very dense configurations in racks in a data center, has resulted in very high power densities at room level. Due to high heat loads (~3MWs) in an interconnected environment, data center design based on simple energy balance with zo...

One of entropy’s puzzling aspects is its dimensions of energy/temperature. A review of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics leads to six conclusions: ~1! Entropy’s dimensions are linked to the definition of the Kelvin temperature scale. ~2! Entropy can be defined to be dimensionless when temperature T is defined as an energy ~dubbed tempergy!. ~3! Dimensionless entropy per particle typicall...