HAVE BEEN INTERESTED in the blood lipids and lipoproteins in relation to the process of aging and to the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Studies on the serum lipoproteins as measured by the cholesterol distribution in zone electrophoresis and on other changes of the blood lipids with age have been made (1, 2). Recently the effects of the amount and type of fat in the dietary intake on the ...

INTRODUCTION Dietary fats influence intestinal inflammation and regulate mucosal immunity. Data on the association between dietary fat and risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are limited and conflicting. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study cohorts. Diet was prospectively ascertained every 4 years using a validated semi-qu...

BACKGROUND The nature of dietary fats affects the postprandial activation of the hemostatic system. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether the ratio of oleic to palmitic acid [and that of monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids (MUFA:SFA)] in the diet affects postprandial concentrations of triacylglycerols, tissue factor (TF), fibrinogen, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), and plasminogen ...

Dietary fatty acids and cholesterol are the main determinants of cardiovascular disease. In the last 25 years our traditional dietary pattern has tended to include higher total fat content and lower nutritional quality, which will have negative effects on our state of health. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on the influence of different dietary fatty acids and choles...

Critical insights into the etiology of insulin resistance have been gained by the use of animal models where insulin action has been modulated by strictly controlled dietary interventions not possible in human studies. Overall, the literature has moved from a focus on macronutrient proportions to understanding the unique effects of individual subtypes of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Substa...

The associations between dietary fat and fatty acid (FA) intakes and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk have been inconsistent in previous studies. We conducted a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to evaluate these associations. We identified relevant studies by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. We used random-effects models to estimate summary relative risks (RRs...

OBJECTIVE To establish the feasibility and utility of a simple data collection methodology for dietary assessment. DESIGN Using a cross-sectional design, trained data collectors approached adults (approximately 20 - 40 years of age) at local grocery stores and asked whether they would volunteer their grocery receipts and answer a few questions for a small stipend (dollar 1). METHODS The gro...

INTRODUCTION Some literature data indicate that the proper intake of exogenic antioxidants from food and the proper intake of fats can offer significant protection against coronary heart disease. OBJECTIVES The estimation of total antioxidant capacity of food intake on the basis of Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI), together with an assessment of the contribution of particular food products in ...

BACKGROUND Replacing typical American snacks with tree nuts may be an effective way to improve diet quality and compliance with the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs). OBJECTIVE To assess and quantify the impact of replacing typical snacks with composite tree nuts or almonds on diet metrics, including empty calories (i.e., added sugars and solid fats), individual fatty acids, m...

Background: Since 1984 UK citizens have been advised to reduce total dietary fat intake to 30% of total energy and saturated fat intake to 10%. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence [NICE] suggests a further benefit for Coronary Heart Disease [CHD] prevention by reducing saturated fat [SFA] intake to 6% 7% of total energy and that 30,000 lives could be saved by replacing SFAs with Polyu...