We perform a comparative study of the infrared properties of overlap and staggered fermions in QCD. We observe that the infrared spectrum of the APE/HYP improved staggered Dirac operator develops a four-fold near-degeneracy and is in quantitative agreement with the infrared spectrum of the overlap operator. The neardegeneracy allows us to identify the zero modes of the staggered operator and we...

We estimated diet composition of sympatric Mexican spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida, n = 7 pairs of owls) and great horned owls (Bubo virginianus, n = 4 pairs) in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) forest, northern Arizona. Both species preyed on mammals, birds, and insects; great horned owls also ate lizards. Mammals dominated the diet of both species. Mammals comp...

Human population expansion and associated degradation of the habitat of many wildlife species cause loss of biodiversity and species extinctions. The small Simen Mountains National Park in Ethiopia is one of the last strongholds for the preservation of a number of afro-alpine mammals, plants and birds, and it is home to the rare endemic Walia ibex, Capra walie. The narrow distribution range of ...

Mosquito blood meals provide information about the feeding habits and host preference of potential arthropod-borne disease vectors. Although mosquito-borne diseases are ubiquitous in the Neotropics, few studies in this region have assessed patterns of mosquito-host interactions, especially during actual disease outbreaks. Based on collections made during and after an outbreak of equine viral en...

The food habits and niche overlap based on diet composition and prey size of two species of understorey insectivorous birds were investigated in an area of montane rain forest in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. A total of 43 birds were captured: 33 individuals of Conopophaga lineata (Conopophagidae) with 13 recaptures, and 10 individuals of Myiothlypis leucoblephara (Parulidae) ...

The Ponto-Caspian round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) was introduced to the Gulf of Gdańsk, southern Baltic Sea, in the late 1980s, and it has now become the dominant demersal fish species in shallow water. This study aimed to assess diet preferences and the degree of diet overlap between the round goby and the native flounder (Platichthys flesus). Results from time-series of stomach contents a...

In 1960, Reid described a method of quantitating the bronchial mucous gland hypertrophy that occurs in chronic bronchitis. She expressed the bronchial mucous gland size as a ratio of the bronchial mucous gland thickness to the thickness of the bronchial wall, as measured from the epithelial basement membrane to the inner perichondrium. This ratio was increased in chronic bronchitis, and there w...

Backgrounds: Chlorella is used popularly as dietary supplements. Various studies and researches have been done regarding the intervention of microalgae as foods since a long time ago. And, it is found that Chlorella have potential health benefits, in terms of their protein and antioxidant content. Thus, with an objective of formulating nutritional supplements, this algae are being harvested in ...

The present study objectified to evaluate the trophic relationships among 14 fish species (10 natives and 4 non-natives) in Shatt Al-Arab River, considering niche breadth diet overlaps of species. food items stomach each are determined by adopting index relative importance (IRI). dietary analysis revealed a total 12 types major consumed (which represent >10% IRI). Two (Oreochromis aureus Cpt...

OBJECTIVE To develop an index that assesses the degree of adherence to existing diet-lifestyle recommendations for preschoolers (Preschoolers Diet-Lifestyle Index (PDL-Index)) and to investigate its association with obesity. DESIGN The PDL-Index was constructed using eleven components (i.e. questions regarding the frequency of consumption of selected foods/food groups, time spent on televisio...