We investigate the modification of gas phase ion polarizabilities upon solvation in polar solvents and ionic liquids. To this aim, we develop a classical electrostatic theory of charged liquids composed of solvent molecules modeled as finite size dipoles, and embedding polarizable ions that consist of Drude oscillators. In qualitative agreement with ab initio calculations of polar solvents and ...

and deterministic causes of streamer branching in liquid dielectrics. Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Streamer branching in liquid dielectrics is d...

Linear and nonlinear dielectric measurements of liquid crystalline chiral isopentylcyanobiphenyl (5*CB) and n -pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB), combined with viscosity eta (T) data, are presented. The 5*CB compound glassifies on cooling in the cholesteric phase whereas 5CB crystallizes in the nematic phase. In both compounds the temperature evolution of dielectric relaxation times, the dc conductivit...

Alignment by an electric field was obtained for a variety of particles dispersed in photopolymerizable fluids. The particle shapes studied were irregular, spherical, rhombohedral, rod-like (fibres), and platelet. The sizes ranged from sub-micrometres to tens of micrometres, and the dielectric constants of the particles varied from less than that of the liquid matrix to very much greater than th...

An apparatus has been developed for simultaneous measurements of fluid densities and dielectric constants at temperatures from 70 to 320 K and at pressures to 35 MPa. A magnetic suspension technique, based on an application of Archimedes' principle, is employed in the density determination, while a concentric cylinder capacitor is used for obtaining the dielectric constant data. The apparatus c...

A new technique for broadband material characterization, using a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonator, is proposed. The resonant perturbation method is applied for the measurement of both the dielectric constant and loss tangent of various types of materials and over a wide frequency band. A comprehensive study on the reliability of using such technique, via simulations and measurements, is ...

The widely used Born model describes the electrostatic response of continuous media using static dielectric constants. However, when applied to a liquid environment, a comparison of Born model predictions with experimental values (e.g., transfer free energies and pK(a) shifts) found that agreement is only achieved by using physically unrealistic dielectric constants for proteins, lipids, etc., ...

Using liquid crystals to control the propagation of microwaves is a potentially interesting technology. By incorporating small amounts of liquid crystal in thin slat metal structures through which the microwaves may resonantly pass a whole new range of voltage tuned microwave devices are becoming available. Metallic sub-wavelength slit structures at microwave frequencies have been constructed w...

We present shear mechanical and dielectric measurements taken on seven liquids: triphenylethylene, tetramethyltetra-phenyltrisiloxane (Dow Corning 704 diffusion pump fluid), polyphenyl ether (Santovac 5 vacuum pump fluid), perhydrosqualene, polybutadiene, decahydroisoquinoline (DHIQ), and tripropylene glycol. The shear mechanical and dielectric measurements are for each liquid performed under i...