Acute right ventricular (RV) hypertension and failure occur clinically. In this study we examined the mechanism of RV failure. Adult dogs were studied acutely under anesthesia; dogs were instrumented for measurement of pressures and right coronary artery blood flow. Myocardial blood flow and cardiac output were determined with radionuclide-labeled microspheres, and the presence of ischemia was ...

METHODS: MHI was performed with a Mapleson “C” circuit, 2l-reservoir bag; peak inspiratory pressure was standardized to 35 mL water; and positive expiratory-end pressure of 5 mL water was administered to seven mechanically ventilated patients with septic (6) and cardiogenic (1) shock (67.2 5.2 years, Acute Physiology Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II score 22.1 3.1). Diastolic (DAP) a...

To determine if changes in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure could be determined from the pulmonary blood volume (PBV) ratio response on exercise-gated blood pool images, 42 patients had simultaneous exercise-gated blood pool imaging and hemodynamic monitoring during cardiac catheterization. Nine patients were normal and 33 patients had cardiac disease. Changes in the PBV ratio were determined...

precapillary pulmonary resistance. Pulmonary hypertension is deemed present when the mean pulmonary artery pressure exceeds 25 mm Hg at rest, or 30 mm Hg with exercise. The presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension further requires normal left heart filling pressures (i.e. a normal left ventricular end diastolic pressure directly measured, or indirectly approximated by a pulmonary artery occl...

To determine if changes in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure could be determined from the pulmonary blood volume (PBV) ratio response on exercise-gated blood pool images, 42 patients had simultaneous exercise-gated blood pool imaging and hemodynamic monitoring during cardiac catheterization. Nine patients were normal and 33 patients had cardiac disease. Changes in the PBV ratio were determined...

Increased left ventricular filling pressure is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) caused by left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). Within the closed hemodynamic system, increased LV filling pressure results in elevated pressures in the left atrium and pulmonary venous vasculature. When pulmonary hypertension (PH, defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure [mPAP] 25 mm Hg) is associated with an abnorm...

artery occlusion caused no change in cardiac output, or right and left ventricular pressures, although right ventricular contractile force fell markedly. With right coronary artery flow intact, incremental pulmonary artery obstruction caused a corresponding decline in cardiac output and elevation of right ventricular end-diastolic pressure with eventual total right ventricular failure and syste...

The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and significance of the associations among coronary artery calcium (CAC) and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure. Women 50 to 59 years of age at baseline in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial of conjugated equine estrogen underwent computed tomography scanning of the chest af...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) resulting from left heart failure is an increasingly recognized clinical entity. To distinguish isolated postcapillary PH from combined post- and precapillary PH, the use of a diastolic pressure gradient (DPG = diastolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure - Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure, dPAP - PAWP) has been advocated over the transpulmonary pressure gradient (TPG = mean...

conclusions chronic smoking caused left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. acute intake caused left and right ventricular diastolic dysfunction. changes persisted up to 30 minutes after smoking, although diastolic blood pressure returned to normal state. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of smoking on the left and right ventricular (rv) diastolic funct...