A method is introduced for quantitating protein synthetic rates in humans by use of (2)H(2)O. Its validity was tested in subjects with end-stage renal disease. Six clinically stable subjects, hemodialyzed three times weekly, ingested (2)H(2)O to a body water (2)H enrichment of approximately 0.4%. On dialysis, body water enrichment declined to approximately 0.1%. Enrichment of the alpha-hydrogen...

Atherosclerosis is a major complication of chronic renal failure. Microinflammation is involved in atherogenesis and is associated with uremia and dialysis. The role of dialysate water contamination in inducing inflammation has been debated. Our aim was to study inflammatory markers in patients on chronic dialysis, before and 3 to 6 months after switching the water purification system from deio...

all desalination methods which are currently used have limitations. a newly designed instrument by zare a.m. was tested and compared with currently used method in razi vaccine and serum research institute(rvsri). samples of anti snake venom for desalination was provided by department of anti-serum, rvsri. parameters included in this study were time and water consumption during desalination proc...

Investigations of nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections associated with various environmental sources have been hampered by the lack of adequate techniques for selective isolation of these organisms from environmental fluids. This study compared chemical dosing techniques for recovery of NTM from water samples collected from 115 randomly selected dialysis centers. Cell suspensions of NT...

Arterial blood concentrations of insulin, glucagon, and various substrates were determined in six anephric subjects in the postabsorptive state and immediately after hemodialysis. Plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations were normal, and declined during dialysis. Plasma glucagon was elevated and remained unchanged. There was moderate hypertriglyceridemia before dialysis, but this decreas...

background and objectives: the microbiological monitoring of the water used for haemodialysis is important especially for legionella and non-fermentative bacteria since patients with end stage renal disease (esrd) are suffering from deteriorated function of immune system. materials and methods: a total 50 water and dialysate samples were weekly collected over a period of 10 weeks from 5 sites. ...

Peritoneal dialysis was first employed in patients with acute renal failure in the 1940s and since the 1960s for those with end-stage renal disease. Its popularity increased enormously after the introduction of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in the end of 1970s. This stimulated both clinical and basic research. In an ideal situation, this should lead to cross-fertilization between th...

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is the most prevalent, worldwide public health problem of the elderly population. The main cause of CRF is a damaged kidney. There are five stages of CRF based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and stage 5 (GFR < 15 ml/min/1.73m2) is often called an end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In CRF, there is an accumulation of toxins and excess water due to compromised r...

BACKGROUND Biological purity of dialysis water is considered as one of the primary conditions to deliver optimal haemodialysis. METHODS The present study explores the added value of a novel cytokine (IL-1ss) induction assay, using a monocytic THP-1 cell line, compared to the classical detection methods for microbial dialysis fluid contaminants. RESULTS In contrast to the Limulus Amebocyte L...

The analytical performance of laboratories participating in the dialysis fluids and water aluminum program of the Guildford External Quality Assessment Scheme over the period 1986-1993 has been reviewed. For aluminum concentrations > 3.33 mumol/L in dialysis fluids, the between-laboratory CV has fallen from approximately 36% to 23%, whereas for specimens of water the reduction was from 36% to a...