Proximal tubule cells extract dicarboxylates from filtrate and blood, using cotransporters located in the brush border [sodium dicarboxylate cotransporter (NaDC-1)] and basolateral cell membrane (NaDC-3). We expressed the human NaDC-3 (hNaDC-3) in Xenopus laevis oocytes and characterized it by the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. At -60 mV, succinate (4 carbons) and glutarate (5 carbons) ...

The 4-carboxymethylen-4-sulfo-but-2-en-olide (4-sulfomuconolactone) hydrolases from Hydrogenophaga intermedia strain S1 and Agrobacterium radiobacter strain S2 are part of a modified protocatechuate pathway responsible for the degradation of 4-sulfocatechol. In both strains, the hydrolase-encoding genes occur downstream of those encoding the enzymes that catalyze the lactonization of 3-sulfomuc...

There is a wealth of information on the genetic regulation and biochemical properties of bacterial C4-dicarboxylate transport systems. In sharp contrast, there are far fewer studies describing the transport and assimilation of C5-dicarboxylates among bacteria. In an effort to better our understanding on this subject, we identified the structural and regulatory genes necessary for the utilizatio...

In single-column anion-exchange chromatography, the retention volume of some monovalent inorganic anions (Cl(-), Br(-), NO(3)(-), NCS(-) and NO(2)(-)) were observed as a function of the pH of a mobile phase at a fixed concentration of 2-phenylmalonic acid or 1,4-benzenediacetic acid used as an eluent. The experimental retention volume of such an anion was decreased with an increase in the pH of...

Upon reaction with a dicarboxylate linker, macrocyclic dicopper complexes encode for a selective supramolecular 2 + 2 self-assembly of nanoscopic rectangles, a new class of molecular helicates, and porous-like materials via fine structural control at three supramolecular levels.

The optical properties of [Zn(2)(NDC)(2)(DPNI)](0/-/2-) (NDC = 2,7-naphthalene dicarboxylate, DPNI = N,N'-di(4-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide), a redox-active metal-organic framework, have been examined using a simple and robust in situ solid state UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical technique.

The mechanism of C2 formation in methane conversion using plasma discharge has been studied by researchers around the world with ambiguous conclusions. Motivated by this challenge, this paper discusses the pathway of acetylene formation based on experimental results using deuterium isotope. Methane was fed with deuterium with a ratio of 1 to 5. Ethane and acetylene were also fed with deuterium ...

Dialkyl dithiophosphates selectively ring open vinyl oxetanes in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions to form useful allylic thiophosphate products with high Z-selectivity.

The synthesis of diethyl/methyl 1,3-diaryl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-pyrimidine-4,5-dicarboxylates can be achieved using one-pot reaction from dialkylacetylene dicarboxylate, amines, and formaldehyde by employing hydrated phosphomolybdic acid (H3[P(Mo3O10)4].xH2O) as catalyst at room temperature. The effect of various solvent and catalyst amount was investigated. The salient features of the present me...