In Taiwan, the turbidity of raw water for fresh water treatments can sometimes reach as high as 40000 NTU due to intensive rainfall, especially in typhoon seasons. In response, water works often apply large quantities of coagulants such as polyaluminium chloride (PACl). In this study, simulated and natural highly turbid water was coagulated with two PACls, a commercial product (PACl-1) and a la...

Anaerobic digestate is a waste product of biogas generation which produced in large amounts and, because its high water content, it expensive to store, transport, and spread land. Additionally, special conditions are required for land application minimise the losses nutrients. This material primarily used as source organic matter soil while farmers continue rely on NPK chemical fertilisers, usi...

Biopolymers are considered a potential alternative to conventional chemical polymers because of their ease of biodegradability, high efficiency, non-toxicity and non-secondary pollution. Recently, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, biopolymers produced by the microorganisms) have been recognised by many researchers as a potential flocculent for their applications in various water, wastewa...

Wastewater treatment plants are increasingly interested in adopting inorganic coagulants and organic flocculants their sludge process since disposal costs more than half of the overall operational costs. This study synthesized poly titanium sulfate (PTS) by different molar ratios used best one with cellulose-based for conditioning. PTS a 1:2 ratio showed lowest capillary suction time (CST) was ...