The evolution of land plant root systems occurred stepwise throughout the Devonian, with first evidence complex appearing in mid-Givetian. This biological innovation provided an enhanced pathway for transfer terrestrial phosphorus (P) to marine system via weathering and erosion. enhancement is consistent paleosol records has led hypotheses about causes eutrophication mass extinctions during Dev...

Abstract The eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco represents one the most completely exposed and perfectly documented biostratigraphic records entire Devonian worldwide. Paleogeographically it is clearly differentiated into shallow basins, pelagic platforms, land areas which are newly defined illustrated, from top Middle Devonian, other middle Famennian as two characteristic intervals. dominant paleog...

The book lungs of an exceptionally preserved fossil arachnid (Trigonotarbida) from the Early Devonian (approx. 410 Myr ago) Rhynie cherts of Scotland were studied using a non-destructive imaging technique. Our three-dimensional modelling of fine structures, based on assembling successive images made at different focal planes through the translucent chert matrix, revealed for the first time foss...

conodonts of khoshyeilagh formation, the most complete section of devonian rocks in the alborz mountains, northern iran, has been studied, and subspecies of the genera icriodus, bipennatus, polygnathus, pelekysgnathus, ancyrodella, palmatolepis, bispathodus, scaphignathus, clydagnathus, gnathodus, scaliognathus and dollymae have been obtained from the studied section. the faunas indicate an eif...

This paper attempts to allocate a segment of the Paleozoic Ocean situated in what is now Southeastern Europe (SEE) into regional geological and paleotectonic synthesis connecting sedimentary, metamorphic igneous records associated with ocean’s cycle. The Supragetic basement (external section Carpatho-Balkan arch) represents tectonically reworked vestige Neoproterozoic–Lower oceanic floor system...

Phytoplankton form the base of most marine trophic chains and studying their past diversity at regional global scales can provide valuable insights into evolution ecosystems climate history. Using a new database more than 4000 species acritarchs prasinophytes, comprehensive investigation taxonomic trajectories this (micro)phytoplankton throughout Paleozoic is performed for first time. This data...

Abstract. Photosynthetically active foraminifera are prolific carbonate producers in warm, sunlit, surface waters of the oceans. Foraminifera have repeatedly developed mixotrophic strategies (i.e., ability an organism or holobiont to both feed and photosynthesize) by facultative obligate endosymbiosis with microalgae sequestering plastids (kleptoplasts) ingested algae. Mixotrophy provides acces...