Rapid population growth, urbanization, and the growing challenges faced by the urban poor require redefining the paradigm for public health interventions in the 21st century, creating new approaches that take urban determinants of health into consideration. The widening disparity between the urban poor and the urban rich further exacerbates health inequities. Existing tools for global governanc...

This paper, originally produced in longer format for the World Bank Group, is meant to be a primer on crowdsourcing as an informational resource for development, crisis response, and post-conflict recovery. Inherent in the theoretical approach is that broader, unencumbered participation in governance is an objectively positive and democratic aim, and that governments’ accountability can be incr...

We study the nexus between enterprises and the state in transition countries, using new enterprise survey data. We examine the quality of governance, state intervention in enterprise decision-making, state benefits to firms and corruption payments. The quality of governance varies both across countries and across different dimensions of governance within countries. Economic reform improves gove...

The open source software are used by the majority of companies; some of them do not hesitate to play a leading role in their development. These practices result in challenges related to the governance of information systems and open source projects. The fork, as division of a community, can be the serious consequence of poor governance. After a state of the art dedicated to the concepts of open...

Despite remarkable achievements in fighting poverty in the past three decades, numerous challenges remain for the People’s Republic of China. The country’s antipoverty efforts are in a key phase of strategic reorientation. This paper analyzes lessons learned from poverty reduction programs in the country and identifies key areas to be addressed in the next decade. The paper proposes seven polic...

Pacific Economic Bulletin Volume 21 Number 2 2006 © Asia Pacific Press The Fiji Sugar Corporation, the sole miller in Fiji, has experienced declining financial performance for over a decade, despite Fiji enjoying sugar prices two to three times the average world price. The corporation’s poor financial performance has primarily been blamed on the increase in burnt cane. This paper tests the impo...

The most persistent obstacles for the sustainable management of water resources lie in the realm of water governance. Numerous recommendations often relying on simplistic ‘standard’ panaceas have been put forward for water governance reform without testing of appropriateness in diverse contexts. Here we present the first comprehensive comparative analysis of complex water governance and managem...

Participatory Village Development Planning (PVDP) was developed with the assistance of ADB from 2001-2002 under the request of the Leading Group Office for Poverty Reduction and Development of the State Council of PRC (LGOP). It has been then adopted and soon applied national wide by LGOP as the shift of its poverty reduction strategy from top down county targeting approach to village targeting...