BACKGROUND The Orphan Drug Act is an important piece of legislation that uses financial incentives to encourage the development of drugs that treat rare diseases. This analysis studies the effects of a portion of the Orphan Drug Act, the orphan drug designation. Specifically, it studies the value that investors place on the orphan drug designation, by investigating how investors react to compan...

Greece has a variety of cheeses that are registered as protected designation origin and geographical indications, many others produced in traditional way, without such registration. This article aims to describe the characteristics these cheeses, which do not bear certification indication, order increase their significance. Therefore, this work, scientific data published about history, producti...

red beds, conglomerates and salt were considered azoic and problematic rocks, but paleopalynology and inorganic geochemistry proved to be useful for placing them in time and space. in the early last century, in mexican ne region, only three mesozoic red bed units were differentiated, dated as late triassic to late jurassic. it was important tratigraphically to place them properly as they were c...

Near-infrared transmittance (NIT) spectroscopy was used to predict the percentage in weight of the fat, dry matter, protein and fat/dry matter contents in Zamorano cheeses, protected with a Designation of Origin by the European Union. A total of 42 cheeses submitted to official control were analysed by reference methods. Samples were scanned (850-1050 nm) and predictive equations were developed...

Traceability and authentication of meat and meat products are major concern for consumers, producers and retailers. In Europe, several areas produce high quality dry cured hams under Protected Designation Origin. Efficient and objective methods must be developed to assess origin of dry cured hams. This paper is focused on methods to assess geographical origin, rearing systems and processing con...

We report early results from a project to study the application of advanced technology to enhance information management in a medium sized enterprise where the collection, analysis and dissemination of information are key business processes. Our two-year TCD-funded project is a collaboration between University College London (UCL) and Friends of the Earth (FOE), a research and campaigning organ...

UNLABELLED Hitherto, noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) of teeth have been generally ascribed to either toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion or acid "erosion." The last two decades have provided a plethora of new studies concerning such lesions. The most significant studies are reviewed and integrated into a practical approach to the understanding and designation of these lesions. A paradigm shift i...