Purpose: The purpose of this study was two-fold. The first objective was to compare a standard splitless injection technique with a large volume splitless injection (LVSL). The second objective was to evaluate the applicability of sequential full scan/SIM EI+ GC/MS data to the analyses of forensic toxicology samples. The utility of these techniques along with directions for future research will...

DNA array technology makes it possible to rapidly genotype individuals or quantify the expression of thousands of genes on a single filter or glass slide, and holds enormous potential in toxicologic applications. This potential led to a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-sponsored workshop titled "Application of Microarrays to Toxicology" on 7-8 January 1999 in Research Triangle Park, North C...

If the classical paradigm of toxicology has been used for centuries, recent toxicological findings, soaring experimental costs and an increasing regulatory pressure have led the toxicology community towards mechanistic toxicology. This new area of research, focused on molecular envents underlying the toxicity of a chemical substance, motivates the emergence of new modelling approaches for toxic...

Inhalation Toxicology In article number 2100633 by Ajay Vikram Singh, Byung-Wook Park, and co-workers, a systematic approach is taken to discuss the bottleneck, pros cons of current technologies pertaining organ-on-a-chip systems for inhalation toxicology. Design processes inspired from soft robotics actuation with attention exposure, lung cells, materials used are presented.

Population control has been a huge policy issue of the twenty first century and has been a topic of discussion in the world’s capitals. Overuse of natural resources, poverty and high mortality rates were the key issues that raised population control. The data used in this study is taken from the 2008/2009 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for Kenya. The sample used in this study consists a t...

We use household survey data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 44 surveys (in 35 countries) to document different patterns in the enrollment and attainment of children from rich and poor households. We overcome the lack of income or expenditure data in the DHS by constructing a proxy for long-run wealth of the household from the asset information in the survey using the statist...

The Asian Society of Toxicology (ASIATOX), which consists of the seven national toxicology member societies of Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Singapore, and Iran, now boasts of more than 3,000 members from a variety of industries, academia, and regulatory organizations. ASIATOX congresses are spaced three years apart and rotated among the member societies. In 1995, ASIATOX joined the In...

Toxicology testing of fatally injured workers is not routinely conducted. We completed a case-series study of 2005-2009 occupational fatalities captured by Iowa's Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) Program. The goals of our research were to: (1) measure the proportion of FACE cases that undergo toxicology testing, and describe the factors associated with being tested, and (2) mea...