Land degradation induced by soil erosion is widespread in semiarid regions globally and common the agro–pastoral ecotone of northern China. Most researchers identify wind water as independent processes, there a lack research regarding relative contributions interactions between them what referred to here compound (CSE). CSE may occur situations where more effectively erodes surface already subj...

Hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water (HF-FPW), which contains polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) numerous other potential contaminants, is a complex wastewater during the recovery of tight hydrocarbon resources. Previous studies on HF-FPW have demonstrated various toxicological responses aquatic organisms as consequences combined exposure to high salinity, dissolved organic compounds ...

Endometriosis is a debilitating disease found in 10-15% of reproductive-age women and is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. The present study characterizes the expression of AhR and ARNT mRNA in a human endometrial explant culture model in the absence and presence of TCDD exposure. In a parallel, companion study using this model, TCDD exposure was shown t...

Accumulation and effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in avian species were evaluated at a Superfund site located at Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge (IL, USA). European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were monitored at nest boxes constructed at each of two study and two reference sites. During the breeding season, starling productivity and adult provisioning behavior were monitored. A...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are immunotoxicants in fish. In mammals, phase I metabolites are believed to be critically involved in the immunotoxicity of PAHs. This mechanism has been suggested for fish as well. The present study investigates the capacity of immune organs (head kidney, spleen) of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to metabolize the prototypic PAH, benzo [a]pyrene (B...

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) inhibits the formation of colonic aberrant crypt foci and DNA adducts in rats given heterocyclic amine colon carcinogens, such as 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ). Mechanism studies indicate that I3C induces cytochromes P4501A1 and 1A2 (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2), isozymes that respectively metabolize IQ via ring hydroxylation or activate the carcinogen by N-hydroxyl...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been identified in every compartment of the environment and biota due to their widespread use as flame retardants. There is debate over their potential to threaten environmental and human health due to insufficient toxicological information. The weak to moderate binding affinity of PBDE congeners to the Ah receptor (AhR) and the weak induction of EROD...

While contaminant concentrations have been reported for elasmobranchs around the world, no studies have examined bioaccumulation patterns across male and female age classes. The round stingray (Urobatis halleri) is a local benthic species that forages near areas of high organochlorine contamination and represents a good elasmobranch model. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT, and chlordanes w...

Previous studies showed exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) enhances the development of endometriotic lesions. In this study we examined the effects of other polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons on endometriotic proliferation. B6C3F1 female mice were treated via oral gavage a total of five times, with 3 weeks between each dosing, with 0, 1, 3, or 10 micrograms 2,3,7,...

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has a plethora of physiological roles, and upon dysregulation, carcinogenesis can occur. One target gene of AHR encodes the xenobiotic and drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP1A1, which is inducible by the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) via the AHR. An siRNA library targeted against over 5600 gene candidates in the druggable geno...