We performed a series of experiments to study the intracellular activity of 58 hypoglossal motoneurons (HMs) in decerebrate, paralyzed, and ventilated cats. Changes in membrane potentials (MP) and discharge activities were evaluated during fictive breathing (FB), swallowing (FS), and coughing (FC). FS and FC were elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerves. FB, FS, and F...

OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted to assess the effect of controlled deep breathing on psychomotor and higher mental functions. METHODS 100 normal healthy subjects (52 females and 48 males, age range - 18 to 25 years) participated in the study. Each subject acted as his or her own control. Six weeks course of controlled deep breathing i.e. 5 seconds of maximal inhalation followed by 5...

SARS-CoV 2, the agent of disease known as COVID-19, appeared in China at end 2019. The virus is transmitted primarily through air droplets or microdroplets emitted by symptomatic (through coughing sneezing during aerosol-generating procedures) asymptomatic breathing speaking) infected persons. This article reviews current knowledge about sizes emitted, quantity viral particles potentially param...

Isolated inner ear decompression sickness (DCS) is recognized in deep diving involving breathing of helium-oxygen mixtures, particularly when breathing gas is switched to a nitrogen-rich mixture during decompression. The biophysical basis for this selective vulnerability of the inner ear to DCS has not been established. A compartmental model of inert gas kinetics in the human inner ear was cons...

Isolated inner ear decompression sickness (DCS) is recognised in deep diving involving breathing of helium-oxygen mixtures, particularly where breathing gas is switched to a nitrogen-rich mixture during decompression. The biophysical basis for this selective vulnerability of the inner ear to DCS has not been established. A compartmental model of inert gas kinetics in the human inner ear was con...

Purpose: In the context of image-guided therapy, MR images with good spatial and temporal resolution, good spatial coverage, good SNR and excellent contrast characteristics are often desired and rarely attained. To reap the benefits of the superior contrast capabilities of MRI one may need to sacrifice somewhat the temporal resolution. A hybrid MRultrasound setup was developed so that the very ...

Hip fractures in elderly patients can lead to lifethreatening complications and increased mortality1,2. The geriatric population in Taiwan, comprising almost 10% of the whole population in 2008, is progressively increasing3. Although recovery is slow, surgery is generally very effective for the repair of hip fractures. General and spinal anesthesia are the predominant forms of anesthesia employ...

COVID-19 caused by the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus taking a huge toll on global health and life-threatening medical complications elevated mortality rates, especially among older adults people with existing morbidity. Current evidence suggests that spreads primarily through respiratory droplets emitted infected persons when breathing, coughing, sneezing, or speaking. These can reach anothe...