apres avoir presente l'origine, ie spectre de rayonnement et la totalite' de l'energie solaire arrivant sur la terre, nous citons tout d'abord les methodes et moyens d'utilisation de l'energie solaire dans ie passe(. nous presentons ensuite, les capteurs plans, concentration lineaire et ponctuelle; les moteurs et centrales solaires. puis nous discutons des generate...

A small-biased function is a randomized function whose distribution of truth-tables is small-biased. We demonstrate that known explicit lower bounds on the size of (1) general Boolean formulas, (2) Boolean formulas of fan-in two, (3) de Morgan formulas, as well as (4) correlation lower bounds against small de Morgan formulas apply to small-biased functions. As a consequence, any strongly explic...

The authors would like to thank Aaron Blaisdell for the invitation to contribute to this special issue. We would also like to thank Rob Honey and Ulrike Hahn for their comments on previous versions of this manuscript. Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. D. M. Dwyer, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. ([email protected]). Ration...

The paper deals with the valued comparison of intervals for decision making. Interval orders are classical preference structures where the comparison of intervals is done in an ordinal way. In this paper we focus on valued comparison where more information, especially the distance between end-points of intervals, is used in order to have more sophisticated preference relations. The generalizati...

The non-monotone dualization (NMD) is one of the most essential tasks required for finding hypotheses in various ILP settings, like learning from entailment [1, 2] and learning from interpretations [3]. Its task is to generate an irredundant prime CNF formula ψ of the dual f where f is a general Boolean function represented by CNF [4]. The DNF formula φ of f is easily obtained by De Morgan’s la...

Given a lattice (X,≤,∧,∨) we define a multi-valued operation ∧ which is analogous to a t-norm (i.e. it is commutative, associative, has one as a neutral element and is monotone). The operation is parametrized by the set Q, hence we actually obtain an entire family of such multi-valued t-norms. Similarly we define a family of multi-valued t-conorms ∨ . We show that, when P, Q are chosen appropri...

In earlier work [9], we defined CTL model-checking over finite-valued logics with De Morgan negation. In this paper, we extend this work to logics with intuitionistic, Galois and minimal negations, calling the resulting language CTL. We define CTL operators and show that they can be computed using fixpoints. We further discuss how to extend our existing multi-valued model-checker Chek [8] to re...

This paper takes part in the discussion motivated by Elkan's paper ``The Paradoxical Success of Fuzzy Logic'' printed in 1993, whose main theoretical point was that Fuzzy Logic does not properly deal with a speci®c Law of Classical Logic: :…p ^ :q† ˆ q _ …:p ^ :q†. The given answer can be summarized, like in other previous cases, by the sentence ``Yes it can but, of course, at some cost''. As i...

Stone-type duality theorems, which relate algebraic and relational/topological models, are important tools in logic because — in addition to elegant abstraction — they strengthen soundness and completeness to a categorical equivalence, yielding a framework through which both algebraic and topological methods can be brought to bear on a logic. We give a systematic treatment of Stone-type duality...

INTRODUCTION This study describes the incidence and risk factors of de novo nephrolithiasis among patients with lymphoproliferative or myeloproliferative diseases who have undergone chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2001 to 2011, patients with lymphoproliferative or myeloproliferative disorders treated with chemotherapy were retrospectively identified. The incidence of image proven nep...