Seasonal snow cover is a key component of the Earth’s energy balance and a key storage mechanism for water. In many areas of the world, people rely on snowmelt runoff for their water resources. For example, melting snow contributes upwards of 70% of the total annual water supply in the western U.S., and in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nepal snow and ice melt from the Hindu Kush and Himalay...

This study investigates causes behind correlations between snow and terrain properties in a 27 km mountain watershed. Whereas terrain correlations reveal where snow resides, the physical processes responsible for correlations can be ambiguous. We conducted biweekly snow surveys at small transect scales to provide insight into late-season correlations at the basin scale. The evolving parameters ...

The National Weather Service’s Snow Data Assimilation (SNODAS) program provides daily, gridded estimates of snow depth, snow water equivalent (SWE), and related snow parameters at a 1-km resolution for the conterminous USA. In this study, SNODAS snow depth and SWE estimates were compared with independent, ground-based snow survey data in the Colorado Rocky Mountains to assess SNODAS accuracy at...

crop simulation models are mathematical representations of plant growth processes as influenced by interactions among genotype, environment and crop management. using crop simulation models can be an efficient complement to experimental research. models are being used to understand the response of crops to possible changes in crop, cultural management and environmental variables.while there are...

Physically based model of the hydrological cycle of a forest basin was developed. The model includes description of processes of liquid water and snow interception by forest canopy, snow accumulation and melt, vertical soil moisture transfer and evapotranspiration, overland, subsurface and channel flow. The case-study has been carried out on the basis of experimental observations on the Valday ...