Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a genetic disease that affects 1 in 3,000, is caused by loss of a large evolutionary conserved protein that serves as a GTPase Activating Protein (GAP) for Ras. Among Drosophila melanogaster Nf1 (dNf1) null mutant phenotypes, learning/memory deficits and reduced overall growth resemble human NF1 symptoms. These and other dNf1 defects are relatively insensitive to...

purpose: to compare visual outcomes after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (dalk) between eyes with and without successful big-bubble formation. methods: in this retrospective comparative study, a total of 290 consecutive eyes from 257 keratoconus-affected patients underwent dalk with the big-bubble technique were enrolled. in cases where the big bubble could not be accomplished, manual stro...

Keratoplasty is considered the most successful organ transplantation procedure in the world. Reisinger was the first to use the term keratoplasty (Reisinger, 1824), when he suggested using an animal’s eye to provide donor corneal tissue for corneal transplantation in a human. In 1906, the first successful penetrating keratoplasty was performed by Edward Konrad Zirm on a patient suffering from b...

PURPOSE To report changing trends in indications and techniques of corneal transplantation in Iran. METHODS We reviewed eye bank records of 47,129 patients who had undergone corneal transplantation between 2006 and 2013 at different eye centers throughout Iran. RESULTS The most common indication for corneal transplantation was keratoconus (KCN, n = 21,350 eyes, 45.3%), followed by bullous k...