Precast prestreesed concrete braces are a new method for seismic strength of Concrete Structures which has the following benefits: a) no wet concrete work in construction site b) No bolt or anchorage to the existing frame c) easy to apply d) short construction period e) low construction cost, to evaluate seismic performance of strengthened structure a model consist of existing frame and concret...

In April of 2009 a seismic survey utilizing explosive charges took place in Livingston parish, Louisiana. The area of the survey encompassed the location of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Livingston interferometer. In this paper, we present an analysis of seismic data recorded with three of the LIGO seismometers and a geophone array that was deployed during the t...

Structural information is the most important content of seismic images. I introduce a numerical algorithm for spreading information in 3-D volumes according to the local structure of seismic events. The algorithm consists of two steps. First, local spatially-variable inline and crossline slopes of seismic events are estimated by the plane-wave-destruction method. Next, a seed trace is inserted ...

Extracting fault, unconformity, and horizon surfaces from a seismic image is useful for interpretation of geologic structures and stratigraphic features. Although interpretation of these surfaces has been automated to some extent by others, significant manual effort is still required for extracting each type of these geologic surfaces. I propose methods to automatically extract all the fault, u...

Subsurface rock strata are often conceptualized in three dimensions as depth surfaces, or horizons. By picking the corresponding reflection event from 3-D seismic data, an approximate “seismic horizon” can be obtained, but in general the inconsistencies in the approximation are nontrivial. Picks from well log data give the depth to the horizon to high accuracy, but only at a few points. To achi...

The improved quality and dense sampling of 3-D seismic data has greatly increased the e ectiveness of attribute analysis for seismic interpretation. The availability of seismic attribute images and cubes can greatly facilitate the interpretation of large and complex data volumes. Many seismic attributes that are currently in use are based on parameters that bring forward changes of signal chara...

spectral decomposition or time-frequency representation (tfr) is a powerful tool for analyzing time varying nature of seismic data. mapping of a one dimensional seismic time trace to a two dimensional function of time and frequency reveals some characteristics of seismic signals that are not available in only time or frequency representations. this approach has been widely used in seismic explo...

Stacking plays an important role in improving signal-to-noise ratio and imaging quality of seismic data. However, for low-fold-coverage seismic profiles, the result of conventional stacking is not always satisfactory. To address this problem, we have developed a method of stacking in which we use local correlation as a weight for stacking common-midpoint gathers after NMO processing or common-i...

The space-time Greens functions for 3-D poststack and 3-D prestack migration in a homogeneous medium are derived under the fareld approximation. These Greens functions can be used to practically compute synthetic migrated images. Examples are given for the recording footprint noise associated with a point scatterer and a meandering river channel. The Greens functions also provide fundamental in...