Controlling flow in an unsteady separating flow requires accurate information about the surface forces and the effect that vortical structures in the flow field have on those surface forces. A correlation between vortex passage and surface pressure is defined to determine appropriate locations for sensors on the surface of a square cylinder for control feedback. Data are generated using a large...

The flow-induced vibration (FIV) of a rectangular cylinder with side ratio 4 at Re = 300 is numerically investigated by two-dimensional spectral-element method. constrained to vibrate only in the cross-flow direction. effects mass and damping are studied. Boss typical FIV, vortex-induced (VIV), galloping were found. Although quasi-steady theory predicts that will not occur for 4:1 cylinder, we ...

Cylindrical structures in a group are frequently seen on land and in the ocean. Mutual flow interaction between the structures makes the wake very excited or tranquil depending on the spacing between the structures. The excited wake-enhancing forces in some cases cause a catastrophic failure of the structures. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation of Strouhal number (St),...

Abstract The drag and vortex induced vibration (VIV) characteristics of a multiple cylinder are investigated using the detached eddy simulations. cylinders consist single main twin auxiliary for deep sea mining riser. Tandem side-by-side arrangements tested compared with cylinder. stationary case in range 0.5∼2.0 × 10 5 Reynolds number (Re). tandem arrangement shows smaller than those while it’...

We have little understanding of how fish hold station in unsteady flows. Here, we investigated the effect of flow speed and body size on the kinematics of rainbow trout Kármán gaiting behind a 5 cm diameter cylinder. We established a set of criteria revealing that not all fish positioned in a vortex street are Kármán gaiting. By far the highest probability of Kármán gaiting occurred at intermed...

BACKGROUND Although there have been many studies of the efficacy and safety of wavefront- guided (WF) and cross-cylinder photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), there are few studies on moderate-to-high astigmatism cases. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the efficacy of WF and cross-cylinder PRK in moderate-to-high astigmatism. METHODS In a comparative cohort, the results of two bef...

The rate at which fluid drains from a collapsing channel or crack depends on the interaction between the elastic properties of the solid and the fluid flow. The same interaction controls the rate at which a pressurized fluid can flow into a crack. In this paper, we present an analysis for the interaction between the viscous flow and the elastic field associated with an expanding or collapsing f...