Whilst full ophthalmological examination is timeconsuming, a rapid examination can pick up many significant abnormalities. The bulbar and tarsal conjunctival surfaces should be inspected for signs of inflammation, haemorrhage, anaemia and jaundice. Using a small hat-pin, visual fields can be assessed surprisingly accurately by confrontation, a relative field loss being detected if the head of a...

The purpose of this investigation was directed to propose sensitive, accurate and reproducible methods of analysis that can be applied to determine distigmine bromide (DTB), cyclopentolate hydrochloride (CPHC), diaveridine hydrochloride (DVHC) and tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (THHC) drugs in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations via charge-transfer complex formation with 7,7,8,8-tetracyan...

PURPOSE To systematically analyse the differences between cycloplegic and noncycloplegic refractive errors (RE) in children and to determine if the predictive value of noncycloplegic RE in categorizing RE can be improved. METHODS Random cluster sampling was used to select 6825 children aged 4-15 years. Autorefraction was performed under both noncycloplegic and cycloplegic (induced with 1% cyc...

OBJECTIVE: This research was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients who were unaware of their eye condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in a 12-month period on patients who were referred to Meybod Imam Sadegh Diabetes Center. 152 patients who had no eye complaint were selected. Pupil dilation was created by C...

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of reduced visual acuity (VA), refractive errors (RE), contrast sensitivity and strabismus in developmentally delayed (DD) patients.
 Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out Ophthalmology Departments Mayo Hospital, Lahore, The Children’s Lahore Multan from June 2019 to December 2019. We recruited 257 patients either gender, betw...

PURPOSE To describe the patterns of spectacle use in a population-based sample of Australian Year 1 school children (mostly aged 6 years). METHODS Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity was measured in both eyes before and after pinhole correction, and using spectacles if worn. Cycloplegic autorefraction (cyclopentolate) and detailed dilated fundus examination wer...

Aim The purpose of this study was to compare visual outcomes, surgical time, and perioperative surgical complications after intracameral use of either phenylephrine/ketorolac (P/K) or epinephrine (Epi) during cataract surgery. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective case review of patients undergoing cataract surgery from August to November 2015. Of the 641 eyes of 389 patients who un...

Some 12.8 million in the age group 5-15 years are visually impaired from uncorrected or inadequately corrected refractive errors. In Saudi Arabia, the size of this public health problem is not well defined especially among primary schoolchildren. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence and pattern of refractive errors among primary school children in Al Hassa, Sau...