A common hypothesis for northern ecosystems is that low soil temperatures inhibit plant productivity. To address this hypothesis, we reviewed how separate components of ecosystem carbon (C) cycling varied along a soil temperature gradient for nine welldrained, relatively productive boreal black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. [B.S.P.]) forests in Alaska, USA, and Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada. ...

Two types of stainless steel microstructured reactors for catalytic gas-phase reactions have been developed and characterized with respect to heir thermal behaviour under non-stationary temperature conditions. One of the reactors used (FTC-I) allowed periodic temperature changes up to 00 K with a frequency of 0.05 Hz. However, a broad temperature gradient of 80 K developed inside the reactor. A...

........................................................................................i Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... ii Executive Summary .......................................................................................................1 1. Introduction ............................................

This paper presents an enhanced prognostic model to predict remaining useful life. The model utilizes environmental loads and in-situ performance measurements in conjunction with two baseline prediction algorithms: life consumption monitoring (LCM) and uncertainty adjusted prognostics (UAP). Fusion techniques are then utilized to integrate the two prognostic algorithms. A key and unique value o...

Substrate cycling of fructose 6-phosphate through reactions catalyzed by phosphofructokinase and fructose 1,6diphosphatase was estimated in rat liver in vivo. The rate of phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate was determined by measuring the release of tritium to intrahepatic water following the metabolism of intraperitoneally injected [5-3H, U-W]glucose. For net flux of hepatic glucose metabo...

Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) alloy is the most widely used solder in electronic assemblies. However, issues associated with cost and drop/shock durability have resulted in a continued search for alternative solder alloys. One approach to improve the drop/shock reliability has been to reduce the silver content in Sn-AgCu alloys. Another approach is doping Sn-Ag-Cu solder with additional elements. Mor...

Copper films of different thicknesses between 0.2 and 2 microns were electroplated on adhesion-promoting TiW and Ta barrier layers on <100> single crystal 6-inch silicon wafers. The residual stress was measured after each processing step using a wafer curvature technique employing Stoney’s equation. Large gradients in the stress distributions were found across each wafer. Controlled Cu grain gr...

A stirred-tank reactor was built with the objective of rapid and accurate temperature control in the reaction vessel. A first-principles heat transfer model was developed for the jacketed batch system, with the jacket inlet temperature used to control the vessel temperature. A model predictive controller was implemented to follow a rapidly changing temperature profile that cycled between steep ...

Power HEXFET transistors encapsulated in TO-220-style and SOT223-style plastic packages were subjected to preconditioning per the JEDEC JESD22-A113 standard, which includes solder reflow simulation and flux application, and to environmental stress testing: highly accelerated biased temperature and humidity test (HAST) and multiple temperature cycling. Electrical measurements and C-SAM mode acou...