Transmission from one host to another is a crucial component of parasite fitness. For some aquatic parasites, transmission occurs via free-living stage that spends time in the water, awaiting an encounter with new host. These stages can be impacted by biotic and abiotic factors influence parasite's ability successfully infect or grow Here we tested whether spent water column and/or exposure com...

Abstract—Cyanobacteria exist under a variety of climatic, nutrient and physical conditions, and are likely to form blooms. This distinct group of bacteria is photosynthetic and produce several metabolites that include a number of endotoxins, of which are commonly found in mass occurrences of cyanobacteria, especially under eutrophic conditions. Microcystins (MCs) are well-studied cyanobacterial...

Creeping bentgrass putting greens require frequent irrigation during summer months to meet evapotranspiration requirements. Golf courses that utilize local water bodies for may potentially spread phytopathogenic waterborne microbes, or toxins they produce, greens. Cyanobacteria associated with yellow spot and black layer have been detected in are known produce cyanotoxins hinder plant growth at...

Laguna de Bay, the largest freshwater lake in Philippines, provides livelihood to fishermen and serves as a source of potable water locals. However, quality has degraded, whereas one main contributors are Cyanobacteria that produce cyanotoxins. Existing studies uses similar device either too expensive or bulky. The purpose this study is estimate cyanobacteria concentration by using low-cost 16-...