abstract aim and background: primary maladaptive schemas are  main pattern of many personality disorders, comparison of primary maladaptive schemas can prepare a strong credit for schematherapy. the purpose of the present study was to determine the dominant schemas and comparison of early maladaptive schemas in avoidant personality disorders patients and normal individuals.   methods and materi...

objective: according to the significant role of mothers’ personality traits and their training styles on the genesis of children’s initial personality and destructive manners, present research compares early maladaptive schemas of mothers of children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, mothers of children with oppositional defiant disorder, and mothers of normal children. methods: t...

The Cognitive Basis of Stupidity shows that the mechanism belief in supernatural and cultural systems is one same. There no difference way we God or government. We take both on faith fit incoming data to suit our predispositions be they spiritual secular. Contrary Dar-winian thinking, basic cognitive mind maladaptive long run best present-ed as a normal, dysfunctional learning process which occ...

Although research on schema has been widely investigated for the past decades, little addressed development of a systematic instructional design theory using principles and processes. This study proposes schema-based model, including general analysis, design, processes techniques evaluating learner’s acquired schema. By synthesizing empirical studies, this comprehensively reviews literature fou...