functions in landscape design include values in design and management process to satisfy moral and environmental needs that current attitudes see that as open space design by natural and man-made elements, while the basic intellectual layers related to human as the principles of environmental design have been forgotten. human urban knowledge seeks to meet in health, biological, psychological, s...

Sacred forest groves in the Western Ghats of India are small fragments of tropical forest that have received protection due to religious beliefs and cultural practices. These forest fragments are an example of community-based conservation and they serve as refugia for many forest-dwelling species in otherwise highly anthropogenic tropical forest-agriculture landscapes of the Indian Western Ghat...

Features from the past in present cities have been identified as valuable and as potential assets for future urban development. Transferring knowledge about the history and heritage of the urban landscape is considered to be a challenging matter. This paper discusses how the process of knowledge transfer between past and future oriented disciplines can be optimized by combining mobile geospatia...

The early evolution of the cultural Mediterranean landscape in Israel, with special reference to Mt. Carmel, is described with a holistic landscape-ecological systems approach as the coevolution of the paleolithic food gathererhunter and his landscapes. In addition to archeological findings and our research on fire ecology and the comparative dynamics of Mediterranean landscapes in Israel and C...

The European Landscape Convention (2000) obligates European Union countries to identify and implement landscape quality objectives (LQOs) understood as the specification of public expectations and preferences concerning the landscape of a given area, expressed by competent public authorities. The convention emphasizes the important role of local community representatives in this field. In Polan...

The vast rural landscape in the southern United States is conspicuously characterized by the hedgerow trees or groves. The patchwork landscape of fields surrounded by high hedgerows is a traditional and familiar feature of the American countryside. Hedgerows are in effect linear strips of trees, groves, or woodlands, which are often critical habitats for wildlife and important for the visual qu...

Analysis of landscape heritage and territorial transformations dedicated to its protection and preservation rely increasingly upon the contribution of integrated disciplines. In 2000 the European Landscape Convention established the necessity ‘to integrate landscape into its regional and town planning policies and in its cultural, environmental, agricultural, social and economic policies’. Such...