This paper describes the experimental and analytical program in cryogenic cooling of high-heatload optics at the Advanced Photon Source. A prototype liquid nitrogen pumping system has been procured. This pump provides a variable flow rate of 1 to 10 gpm of pressurized liquid nitrogen and is sized to handle up to 5 kW of optic heat load. Also, a high-vacuum, doublecrystal monochromator testing t...

Effect of cryogenic freezing on the rheological and calorimetric properties pasteurized liquid egg yolk | Karina Ilona Hidas, Csaba Németh, Lien Le Phuong Nguyen, Anna Visy, Adrienn Tóth, Annamária Barkó, László Friedrich, Attila Nagy, Ildikó Csilla Nyulas-Zeke Agricultural Journals

When it switches on in 2008, the 26.7 km Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, will have the world's largest vacuum system operating over a wide range of pressures and employing an impressive array of vacuum technologies. This system is composed by 54 km of UHV vacuum for the circulating beams and 50 km of insulation vacuum around the cryogenic magnets and the liquid helium transfer lines. Over ...

longitudinal heat conduction is an important parameter in the cryogenic field, especially in cryogenic heat exchangers. in the present work, the parasitic effect of tube wall longitudinal heat conduction on temperature measurement has been studied in cryogenic laminar hydrogen flow. the effects of various parameters such as wall cold end temperature, wall thermal conductivity, gas volumetric fl...

We evaluate speculation about the possibility of a dangerous release of energy within the liquid Helium of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) cryogenic system due to the occurrence of a " Bose-Nova ". Bose-Novae are radial bursts of rapidly moving atoms which can occur when a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) undergoes a collapse due the interatomic potential being deliberately made attractive using ...

Understanding the properties of hydrated electrons, which were first observed using pulse radiolysis of water in 1962, is crucial because they are key species in many radiation chemistry processes. Although time-resolved spectroscopic studies and molecular simulations have shown that an electron in water (prepared, for example, by water photoionization) relaxes quickly to a localized, cavity-li...

As the world’s hydrocarbon supplies are gradually being depleted, search for alternative energy sources with acceptably low emissions of environmentally harmful pollutants is a growing concern. Hydrogen has been proposed by numerous researchers as fuel source ships. Liquid hydrogen (LH2) shown to be particularly attractive ship respect its ability reduce pollution, density, high performance in ...

AIM To investigate the effects of cryogenic treatment on nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. The null hypothesis was that cryogenic treatment would result in no changes in composition, microhardness or cutting efficiency of nickel-titanium instruments. METHODOLOGY Microhardness was measured on 30 nickel-titanium K-files (ISO size 25) using a Vicker's indenter. Elemental composition was me...

Assessing the potential to bring 100 years of aeronautics knowledge to the entrepreneur’s desktop to enable a design environment for emerging vertical lift vehicles is one goal for the NASA’s Design Environment for Novel Vertical Lift Vehicles (DELIVER). As part of this effort, a system study was performed using a notional, urban aerial taxi system to better understand vehicle requirements alon...