Power-associative antiflexible algebras have been studied by the author [3] and Kosier [2]. As a matter of terminology, we shall define an algebra as a finite dimensional vector space on which a multiplication is defined in which both distributive laws are satisfied. If A is an algebra over a field F of characteristic not two, then A has an attached algebra A + which is the same additive group ...

Even the simplest narratives combine multiple strands of information, integrating different characters and their actions by expressing multiple perspectives of events. We examined the emergence of referential shift devices, which indicate changes among these perspectives, in Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL). Sign languages, like spoken languages, mark referential shift grammatically with a shift ...

In order to understand the role of crossover in differential evolution, theoretical analysis and comparative study of crossover in differential evolution are presented in this paper. Two new crossover methods, namely consecutive binomial crossover and non-consecutive exponential crossover, are designed. The probability distribution and expectation of crossover length for binomial and exponentia...