the carob moth, ectomyelois ceratoniae (zeller), (lep.: pyralidae), is an importantly injourious pest on a wide range of plants throughout the world and as well a major pest of pomegranate orchards in iran. insight into the sexual behavior of an insect is indispensable for optimizing the application of pheromone in pest control strategies and while information on reproductive behavior being the...

An advanced wind tunnel has been introduced as a facility for road vehicle development at the Kindai University (KURING). In this paper, the features of this wind tunnel, which can generate arbitrary patterns of time-varying wind velocities, are first described. There are four representative airflow patterns: steady wind with constant velocity, pulsating wind with oscillating velocity, gusts of...

to enhance the understanding of the impact of obstacle buildings on pollution transportationand dispersion in the atmospheric boundary layer, it is necessary to know the atmospheric flow characteristics over terrains. wind flow characteristics in a boundary layer over a step-shaped cliff topography model with rough and smooth surfaces were studied numerically using computational fluid dynamics ...

Field measurements of the wake flow produced from a 2-MW Enercon E-70 wind turbine were performed using three scanning Doppler wind lidars. A GPS-based technique was used to determine the position of the wind turbine and the wind lidar locations, as well as the direction of the laser beams. The lidars used in this study are characterized by a high spatial resolution of 18 m, which allows the de...

Abstruct-Laboratory measurements of microwave scattering at grazing incidence from superposed wind and weakly nonlinear (AK<0.024) regular long waves are presented. This study is an extension of previous measurements with wind waves only. A dual polarized (VV, HH) coherent pulsed Ku-band (14 GHz) scatterometer witb temporal resolution of 3 ns was used to obtain Doppler spectra and the absolute ...

Action of solar wind on arbitrarily shaped interplanetary dust particle is investigated. The final relativistically covariant equation of motion of the particle contains both orbital evolution and change of particle’s mass. Non-radial solar wind velocity vector is also included. The covariant equation of motion reduces to the Poynting-Robertson effect in the limiting case when spherical particl...

Wind stress, waves, stratification, velocity profiles, and surface fields of radial velocity and acoustic backscatter intensity were measured along a drift track 50 to 150 km off Point Arguello, California. On March 8, 1995, the wind increased from calm to 12 rn/s from the SE, opposing swell from the NW. It increased to15 rn/s at noon UTC on March 9, remained steady over the next 12 hours, brie...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of nozzle configurations on spray drift and explain the influences using several atomization characteristics (length of spray sheet, spray angle, velocity distribution of flow field, fluctuation of velocity, and droplet size). nozzles manufactured by one company (lechler gmbh, germany) were tested by spraying local tap water in a win...

In this study, large-eddy simulations (LESs) were performed to investigate the effects of changing wind direction on the turbine wakes and associated power losses in the Horns Rev offshore wind farm. In the LES framework, the turbulent subgrid-scale stresses are parameterized using a tuning-free Lagrangian scale-dependent dynamic model, and the turbine-induced forces are computed using a dynami...

In order to predict the structural responses under random wind loads to avoid catastrophe failures, structural dynamic analysis is necessary, which requires a reasonable description of wind loads on structures. Based on the equations of fluid mechanics, equations for aerodynamic forces for structures in motion and coefficients of drag, lift and pitching moment for static structures are derived ...