Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causing thrombosis is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome and ischemic strokes. Inhibition of thrombosis is one of the important tasks developing biomedical materials such as intravascular stents and vascular grafts. Shear stress (SS) influences the formation and development of atherosclerosis. The current review focuses on the vulnerable plaques observe...

This paper reports the first study on the large amplitude oscillatory shear flow for magnetic fiber suspensions subject to a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow. The suspensions used in our experiments consisted of cobalt microfibers of the average length of 37 μm and diameter of 4.9 μm, dispersed in a silicon oil. Rheological measurements have been carried out at imposed stress using a co...

We report laboratory determinations of the shear resistance to sliding melting ice with entrained particles over a hard, impermeable surface. With higher particle concentrations and larger particle sizes, Coulomb friction at particlebed contacts dominates and the shear stress increases linearly with normal load. We term this the sandy regime. When either particle concentration or particle size ...

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study the transient response of a binary Lennard-Jones glass subjected to periodic shear deformation. The amorphous solid is modeled as a three-dimensional Kob-Andersen binary mixture at a low temperature. The cyclic loading is applied to slowly annealed, quiescent samples, which induces irreversible particle rearrangements at large strain amplitudes, le...

By finding local minima of a thermodynamic-like potential, we generate jammed packings of frictionless spheres under constant shear stress σ and obtain the yield stress σy by sampling the potential energy landscape. For three-dimensional systems with harmonic repulsion, σy satisfies the finite size scaling with the limiting scaling relation σy∼ϕ-ϕc,∞, where ϕc,∞ is the critical volume fraction ...

The recent identification of shear-induced phases in the isotropic melts of liquid crystal polymers shows that these materials are expected to display original nonlinear behaviors. We have investigated the flow behavior of a nematic sidechain polymer above its isotropic-nematic transition temperature. Nonlinear rheology and birefringence measurements indicate the appearance, above a critical sh...

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have critical functions in vascular diseases. Haemodynamic factors are important regulators of VSMC functions in vascular pathophysiology. VSMCs are physiologically active in the three-dimensional matrix and interact with the shear stress sensor of endothelial cells (ECs). The purpose of this review is to illustrate how haemodynamic factors regulate VSMC fun...

Structural changes of complex fluids under steady shear flow were investigated for different type of materials, such as suspensions, associating polymers and polymer solutions [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Under specific conditions, depending on the material, a shear-thickening regime is observed followed by shear-thinning behaviour [3, 4, 6]. Shear-thickening is often the result of shear-induced formati...

Two methods are commonly used to estimate the critical shear stress of individual fractions in mixed-size sediment, one using the largest grain displaced, the other using the shear stress that produces a small value of transport rate for each fraction. The initial-motion results produced by the two methods are typically different: largest-grain critical shear stresses vary with roughly the squa...