introduction: marital satisfaction is a positive relationship with spouse’s family, positive dynamism in the original family, self-esteem and religious homogeneity of couples. religion is one of the most effective spiritual fulcrums that are able to provide the meaning of life in every moment of life. religious beliefs and credence are important factors in marital satisfaction. the main purpose...

All hedge funds are not created equal. A poorly chosen portfolio of hedge funds can produce disappointing results. All fund of funds managers are not created equal, either. A poor choice of fund of funds managers can yield disappointing results. This article is designed to outline the value proposition of a fund of hedge funds operation. We conclude that fund of funds add value primarily throug...

This paper investigates hedge fund performance and risk. The empirical evidence indicates that hedge funds differ substantially from traditional investment vehicles such as mutual funds. The funds with watermarks significantly outperform the funds without watermarks. The average hedge fund returns are related positively to incentive fees, the size of the fund, and the lockup period. Hedge funds...

appropriate function of active management in common investment funds function depend on factors such as diversification, identification papers unrealistic pricing, market timing, and so on. market timing are include changing the portfolio investment funds and market indices such as short-term bonds and make an asset depends on whether the market is expected in the whole of the assets to make be...

The paper investigates the strategic behavior of hedge fund families. It focuses on decisions to start and liquidate family-member funds. Hedge fund families tend to liquidate funds that underperform compared to other member funds, and to replace them by new ones. By choosing a launch time after a short period of superior performance by their member funds, families extend the spillover to new f...

This paper studies the flow-performance relationship of three different investor groups in mutual funds: Households, financial corporations, and insurance companies and pension funds, establishing the following findings: Financial corporations have a strong tendency to chase past performance and also hold an increased share in the top performing funds. Insurance companies and pension funds show...

Problem/Question to be Addressed: During the 1990s, government has introduced free choice of sickness funds and a new risk-adjustment scheme in the social health insurance scheme of Germany. Price competition is supposed to increase incentives for sickness funds to act as prudent buyers of health services on behalf of their enrollees. A crucial precondition for effective price competition is th...