Abstract Drawing upon recent studies that empirically estimate both the benefits and costs of trade, this paper addresses a simple important question: By how much do increased global trade outweigh costs? To best our knowledge, is first attempt to answer question at World Bank income-grouping levels using estimated relationships from cost literature. Using structural gravity model, we simulate ...

background: thymoglobuline (tg), is used for both induction and rejection therapy in kidney transplantation (tx). this study was conducted to compare between adding tg or not to the conventional drugs to evaluate the rate of rejections, infections and costs. methods: in two groups of patients, each of 45 cases group a received conventional drugs (cyclosporine, mycophenolate and prednisolone) an...