In (pre)-planetary environments, dust and sand grains regularly collide. They electrically charge discharge during these events. this work, we study if cosmic radiation has any influence on the equilibrium state timescales of minutes. We developed an experiment that was carried out ascent a stratospheric balloon. With increasing altitude, activity increases by factor 54. However, found only ver...

The dynamics of the true-vacuum bubbles nucleated during a first-order phase transition is affected by distribution functions particle species in plasma, driven out-of-equilibrium travelling domain wall. An accurate modelling this phenomenon relevant for quantitative description transitions early universe and determination corresponding cosmic relics, such as, among others, stochastic backgroun...

Towards the end of the brane inflationary epoch in the brane world, cosmic strings (but not texture, domain walls or monopoles) are copiously produced during brane collision. These cosmic strings are Dp-branes with (p−1) dimensions compactified. We elaborate on this prediction of the superstring theory description of the brane world. Using the data on the temperature anisotropy in the cosmic mi...

Cosmic strings are one-dimensional topological defects which could have been formed in the early stages of our Universe. They triggered a lot of interest, mainly for their cosmological implications: they could offer an alternative to inflation for the generation of density perturbations. It was shown however that cosmic strings lead to inconsistencies with the measurements of the cosmic microwa...

Via its role in aerosol formation, cosmic ray may affect the global cloudiness and hence climate. Here we show that an increase in cosmic ray fluxes may lead to an increase in particle production in the lower troposphere but a decrease in particle production in the upper troposphere. In addition to the reported positive correlation between cosmic ray variations and low cloudiness, our analysis ...

The macroscopic behaviour of cosmic rays in turbulent magnetic fields is discussed. An implementation of anisotropic diffusion of cosmic rays with respect to the magnetic field in a non-conservative, high-order, finite-difference magnetohydrodynamic code is discussed. It is shown that the standard implementation fails near singular X-points of the magnetic field, which are common if the field i...

Cosmic ray particles with energies in excess of 10 eV have been detected. The sources as well as the physical mechanism(s) responsible for endowing cosmic ray particles with such enormous energies are unknown. This report gives a review of the physics and astrophysics associated with the questions of origin and propagation of these EHE cosmic rays in the Universe. After a brief review of the ob...

Cosmic rays scatter off magnetic irregularities (Alfvén waves) with which they are resonant, that is, waves of wavelength comparable to their gyroradii. These waves may be generated either by the cosmic rays themselves, if they stream faster than the Alfvén speed, or by sources of MHD turbulence. Waves excited by streaming cosmic rays are ideally shaped for scattering, whereas the scattering ef...

There is evidence that cosmic rays were present in galaxies at moderately high redshift. This suggests that magnetic fields were also present. If cosmic rays and magnetic fields must always be close to equipartition, as they are to an order of magnitude within the local universe, this would provide a powerful constraint on theories of the origin and evolution of magnetic fields in galaxies. We ...

The solar wind modulates the flux of galactic cosmic rays impinging on Earth inversely with solar activity. Cosmic ray ionisation is the major source of air’s electrical conductivity over the oceans and well above the continents. Differential solar modulation of the cosmic ray energy spectrum modifies the cosmic ray ionisation at different latitudes, varying the total atmospheric columnar condu...