aim: universities can overcome unstable funds as a result of changes or diminished governmental financial resources by relying on benevolent funding. however, the optimal use of this depends on recognition of their probable requirements and potential deviations that despite its evident nature is usually unnoticed. methodology: due to the relatively successful experience of imam sadiq (a.s.) uni...

This paper investigates the relationship between corporate governance and economic development and well-being. It finds that better corporate frameworks benefit firms through greater access to financing, lower cost of capital, better firm performance, and more favorable treatment of all stakeholders. Numerous studies agree that these channels operate not only at the level of the firms, but in s...

Uncertainty in the policy making process creates substantial transaction costs for firms (Williamson, 1991; Henisz andZelner, 2004). Consequently, business organisations engage in political behaviour to internalise these costs and influence the policy process in ways favourable to them. The current paper is concerned with a particular form of political strategy adopted by firms in China. A sign...

This study combines elements of the upper echelons and agency perspectives to resolve some of the ambiguity surrounding how corporate elites affect corporate strategy. We propose and test the notion that while differences in individual characteristics of corporate elites may imply different preferences for particular corporate strategies such as diversification and acquisitions, these basic pre...

Company strategy expresses a basic idea of how to reach company objectives. A whole range of models of strategic management are used in practice. The concept of strategic management should fulfill some basic requirements to make it applicable for both the typical, but also more specific company environment. The financial strategy plays an important role in corporate strategy. The paper develops...


 The deradicalization programme is mandated by Law No. 5/2018, especially in approaching prisoners of terrorism. carried out so that abandon their acts violence and crime even radical thoughts or ideologies. This implemented both inside outside the prison. research reveals program experienced terrorism convict Wahyu Hidayat. qualitative with a case study type. primary data this are interv...

This study examines the impacts of debt financing on the firms’ investment decisions by employing the method of the multiple linear regression on the data from 2006-2008 of 60 Chinese real estate listed companies. We obtain three major findings. First, there is a negative relation between debt financing and investment behavior in both firms with low-growth opportunities and high-growth opportun...

Author Contact: David E. Giles, Dept. of Economics, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, B.C., Canada V8W 2Y2; e-mail: [email protected]; Phone: (250) 721-8540; FAX: (250) 721-6214 Abstract We model the durations between firms’ “Initial Public Offerings” (IPOs) and their subsequent “Seasoned Equity Offerings” (SEOs) in China during the period from 1 January 2001 to 1 July 2006...

Using a sample of 204 UK initial public offerings (IPOs), we empirically analyze the motive for and the timing of IPO decision by examining the determinants of IPO structure. Linked to IPO structure, the determinants of underpricing and the pattern of seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) are also investigated. The data reveal that younger and smaller firms tend to go public primarily for financing ...