Emperor penguins Aptenodytes forsteri are able to survive the harsh Antarctic climate because of specialized anatomical, physiological and behavioural adaptations for minimizing heat loss. Heat transfer theory predicts that metabolic heat loss in this species will mostly depend on radiative and convective cooling. To examine this, thermal imaging of emperor penguins was undertaken at the breedi...

The application of phase change material (PCM) for energy conservation purposes in the residential buildings was investigated in the present study. Two types of building in terms of materials as the lightweight building (LWB) and heavyweight building (HWB) located in a high cooling load demanding region of Iran were considered for the study. Different types of PCM from organic and inorganic cat...

The paper deals with cryopreservation of bifidobacteria and bacteriophages. Effect of high rates of cooling on survival ability and physiological activity of bifidobacteria is evaluated. The possibility to use rapid freezing for cryopreservation of stock Pseudomonas phage cultures is examined. The study indicates that rapid cooling kinetics appeared to lead to minimal losses in viability and ac...

in a steam power plant, the temperature of the cooling water leaving the condenser for recyclingshould decrease. this is achieved in a cooling tower. the heller cooling tower does not require waterfor operation, thus, it is a suitable system for use in thermal power plants throughout iran. wind is anenvironmental factor that unfavorably affects the performance of a cooling tower. previous studi...

In this research multiple-regression analysis with stepwise selection method was employed for investigating the effectof vertical building envelopes solar radiation (Evr) on cooling energy consumption (E cooling) in residential sector.The high capacity of solar energy in semi-arid climate (Shiraz) can provide a part of buildings required energy. Dependson house orientations in two directions of...

Solar energy is the highly recognized energy source, capable of fulfilling the world’s future energy demands. The solar photovoltaic technology involves the unmediated transformation of sunlight into electricity. A little fraction is converted into electricity and the remaining gets exhausted as unused heat. This results in an increase in the operating temperature of the PV Panel. The conversio...

SKUTCH, A. F. 1989. Birds asleep. University of Texas Press, Austin. TOOLSON, E. C. 1987. Water profligacy as an adaptation to hot deserts: Water loss rates and evaporative cooling in the Sonoran Desert cicada, Diceroprocta apache (Homoptera: Cicadidae). Physiological Zoology 60:379-385. VLECK, C. M., AND D. VLECK. 1979. Metabolic rate in five tropical bird species. Condor 81:89-91. WALSBERG, ....

one of the most important methods of transporting natural gas in iran and other parts of the world is the utilization of a network of pipelines. compression station and turbo compressor units play an important role in gas supply through pipelines. one of the primary concerns in these units is the reduction of fuel consumption. by cooling of exhaust gas from the source station, the pressure drop...

Activation of auditory afferents on the lateral dendrite of the Mauthner (M)-cell triggers an escape response (C-start) in goldfish. To study distinct behavioral changes and their physiological correlates on a cellular level we examined the effect of acute changes of temperature on M-cell membrane properties and intracellular responses to sound clicks and on C-start kinematics and behavior, foc...