To improve the positive predictive value (PPV) for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in primary screening, DNA ploidy was measured on the same liquid-based sample by image cytometry in 984 cases showing discrepancies between cytology and HR-HPV testing. Of the conflicting results, 14.5% corresponded to a cytologic lesion (from atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance to high-g...

Background: Conventional cervical cytology is the most widely used cervical cancer screening test in the world. Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (SIL) and cervical cancer remain important health problems for women worldwide. Aim and Objective: To study various types of cervical lesions with relevant factors such as age, parity, to classify cervical lesions into malignant & benign groups and t...

OBJECTIVES Progression and regression of premalignant cervical lesions cannot be predicted using conventional cytomorphological or histomorphological parameters. However, markers such as human papillomavirus (HPV) or makers indicating proliferation, genetic instability and chromosomal aberration may be of predictive value assessing short-term biological behavior of cervical intraepithelial neop...

OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of Pap smear abnormalities and to characterize the associated risk factors in HIV seropositive women. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 252 HIV seropositive women in and around Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India by screening them for cervical cytological abnormalities by means of conventional Pap smear screening and the abnor...

OBJECTIVE Non-specific cervicitis or inflammatory changes in a smear report are common which are usually unclear for clinical approaches. To investigate the frequency of inflammation and pathogenic vaginal microorganisms in cervical smears among an Iranian population sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out on Pap smear samples of women referred to gynecologica...

INTRODUCTION Transthoracic guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of clinically suspected lung tumors is an increasingly common procedure in diagnosis. Cytospin Smear and Cellblock preparations of available material are helpful in subtyping and confirming the diagnosis, and they can also be used for further studies, i.e., special stain and immunohistochemistry, etc. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate morphology and frequency of lower genital infections in (post hysterectomy) vault smears of women. METHODS We analyzed vault smears from 500 women who had undergone hysterectomy, either for benign diseases (230) or for carcinoma cervix (270) and findings were compared with Pap smear diagnosis of non-hysterectomy subjects. RESULTS Majority 432/500 (87%) of the vault sme...

The cytodiagnostic acridine orange (AO) fluorescence microscope method was applied to exfoliated material from 4348 cases. The method utilizes increased amounts of cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid (RNA) in malignant cells to demonstrate them in brilliant orange and red fluorescence colors. Scanning smears under low magnification readily revealed the presence of cells with increased fluorescence. Us...