By means of the nonequilibrium Green function technique, the effect of spin-flip scatterings on the spin-dependent electrical transport in ferromagnetinsulator-ferromagnet (FM-I-FM) tunnel junctions is investigated. It is shown that Jullières formula for the tunnel conductance must be modified when including the contribution from the spin-flip scatterings. It is found that the spin-flip scatter...

In the present article, the dynamic behavior of sandwich plates with embedded shape memory alloy (SMA) wires is evaluated for two cases wherein (i) the stress-strain curve of the superelastic behavior of the SMA wires is symmetric and (ii) the mentioned curve is non-symmetric. A modified version of Brinson’s constitutive model is proposed and used. The high non-linearity in the behavior stems f...

Continuous queries are queries for which responses given to users must be continuously updated, as the sources of interest get updated. Such queries occur, for instance, during on-line decision making, e.g., traffic flow control, weather monitoring, etc. The problem of keeping the responses current reduces to the problem of deciding how often to visit a source to determine if and how it has bee...

Studies with seedlings of tropical rainforest trees ( Calophyllum longifolium Willd.; Tectona grandis L. f.) were designed to test whether high-light stress affects photosynthetic performance and growth. Seedlings were cultivated in pots at a field site in Central Panama (9 degrees N) and separated into two groups: (1) plants exposed to full solar radiation; (2) plants subjected to automatic ne...

BACKGROUND Few studies have provided evidence to verify that bottle-feeding has negative effects on breastfeeding. There is insufficient evidence to support the practice of cup-feeding to supplement breastfeeding. However, it has been applied as a substitute for bottle-feeding to promote breastfeeding. The aims of this study were to explore the differences in infant sucking competence, infant s...

Continuous queries are queries for which responses given to users must be continuously updated, as the sources of interest get updated. Such queries occur, for instance, during on-line decision making, e.g., traffic flow control, weather monitoring, etc. The problem of keeping the responses current reduces to the problem of deciding how often to visit a source to determine if and how it has bee...

abstract background: premature neonates’ feeding is of great importance due to its effective role in their growth. these neonates should reach an independent oral nutrition stage before being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit. therefore, the researcher decided to conduct a study on the effect of palady and cup feeding on premature neonates’ weight gain and their reaching full ora...