In the last few years femtosecond optical vortex beams with different spatial distributions of the state of polarization (e.g. azimuthal, radial, spiral, etc.) have been used to generate complex, regular surface patterns on different materials. Here we present an experimental investigation on direct femtosecond laser surface structuring based on a larger class of vector beams generated by means...

The NASA Lewis Research Center has designed and fabricated a closed-cycle, continuous wave (CW), carbon dioxide (COj) high-power laser to support research for the indentlflcatlon and evaluation of possible high-power laser applications. The device Is designed to generate up to 70 kW of laser power In annular-shape beams from 1 to 9 cm In diameter. Electric discharge, either self-sustained or el...

– We propose to entangle macroscopic atomic ensembles in cavity using EPRcorrelated beams. We show how the field entanglement can be almost perfectly mapped onto the long-lived atomic spins associated with the ground states of the ensembles, and how it can be retrieved in the fields exiting the cavities after a variable storage time. Such a continuous variable quantum memory is of interest for ...

Recently we introduced the class of highly localized wavepackets (HLWs) as a generalization of optical Bessel-like needle beams. Here we report on the progress in this field. In contrast to pulsed Bessel beams and Airy beams, ultrashort-pulsed HLWs propagate with high stability in both spatial and temporal domain, are nearly paraxial (supercollimated), have fringe-less spatial profiles and thus...

Since the first detection of the neutrino at reactors [1] and the discovery of the νμ at the Brookhaven AGS [2], accelerators and reactors have been used to provide intense beams of neutrinos. Over the last 30 years, experiments with neutrino beams have played a major role in shaping the Standard Model of particle physics as it is known today. At present, electroweak theory is more conveniently...

We describe the combination of buffer-gas cooling with electrostatic velocity filtering to produce a high-flux continuous guided beam of internally cold and slow polar molecules. In a previous paper (L.D. van Buuren et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2009, 102, 033001) we presented results on density and state purity for guided beams of ammonia and formaldehyde using an optimized set-up. Here we describ...

Developments of the past decades in cold-atom physics have motivated molecular physicists to also venture into temperature domains below 1 kelvin [1, 2]. Inherently, molecular interactions are more complex than those between atoms, and the study of cold molecules opens up a plethora of new research areas in, e.g., quantum computation or molecular spectroscopy and scattering. However, the comple...

A light beam is said to be position squeezed if its position can be determined to an accuracy beyond the standard quantum limit. We identify the position and momentum observables for bright optical beams and show that position and momentum entanglement can be generated by interfering two position, or momentum, squeezed beams on a beam splitter. The position and momentum measurements of these be...

This interesting study is similar to the study by Bazant and Najjar (1973) [extensively reviewed in Section 5.5 of Bazant (1975)], which apparently escaped the attention of the authors. However, the conclusion in which the authors recommend the effective modulus method, is different. It appears unwarranted and conflicts with more extensive evidence. The authors dismiss the age-adjusted effectiv...

We report on the generation of a continuous variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement using an optical fiber interferometer. The Kerr nonlinearity in the fiber is exploited for the generation of two independent squeezed beams. These interfere at a beam splitter and EPR entanglement is obtained between the output beams. The correlation of the amplitude (phase) quadratures is measured t...