septic shock continues to be one of the leading causes of death in the intensive care units. when the shock state persists after adequate fluid resuscitation,  vasopressor therapy is required to improve and maintain adequate tissue/organ  perfusion in an attempt to improve survival and prevent the development of multiple organ dysfunction and failure. various studies have suggested that exogeno...

Systems such as sensor networks and teams of autonomous robots consist of multiple autonomous entities that interact with each other in a distributed, asynchronous manner. These entities need to keep track of the state of the system as it evolves. Asynchronous systems lead to special challenges for monitoring, as nodes must update their beliefs independently of each other and no central coordin...

In the late 1990s, when the human genome project was beginning to look like a realistic endeavour, only to be challenged by the competing bid from entrepreneur and shotgun sequencing pioneer Craig Venter, the competition between a publicly funded sequencing effort and a private one raised the issue of who would own the genome data, and whether parts of it would be protected by patents. As genom...

When cardiac pacing is performed in the bipolar configuration, both the cathode (negatively charged electrode) and the anode (positively charged electrode) are in contact with the myocardium. Myocardial stimulation by the pacing stimulus typically occurs only at the interface with the cathode. This is because (i) given equal sized electrodes, anodal stimulation has a higher threshold compared t...

SJ. Effect of blood transfusion on long-term survival after cardiac operation. Transfusion in coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with reduced long-term survival. Schönberger JPAM et al. Transfusion of red blood cells: the impact on short-term and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting, a ten-year follow-up. The association of perioperative red blood cell transfusion...

Background: The basic requirements for monitoring anesthetized patients during surgery are assessing cardiac and respiratory function. Esophageal stethoscopes have been developed for this purpose, but these devices may not provide clear heart and lung sound due to existence of various noises in operating rooms. In addition, the stethoscope is not applicable for continues monitoring, and it is u...

In this contribution, linearized dynamic model of Cumulative Mass Fraction (CMF) of Potassium Nitrate-Water Seeded Continues Mixed Suspension Mixed Product Removal (CMSMPR) crystallizer is approximated by a simplified model in frequency domain. Frequency domain model simplification is performed heuristically using the frequency response of the derived linearized models data. However, the CM...